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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot variant pages

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P49768: Variant p.Met146Leu

Presenilin-1
Gene: PSEN1
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Variant information Variant position: help 146 The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.
Type of variant: help LP/P [Disclaimer] The variants are classified into three categories: LP/P, LB/B and US.
  • LP/P: likely pathogenic or pathogenic.
  • LB/B: likely benign or benign.
  • US: uncertain significance

Residue change: help From Methionine (M) to Leucine (L) at position 146 (M146L, p.Met146Leu). Indicates the amino acid change of the variant. The one-letter and three-letter codes for amino acids used in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot are those adopted by the commission on Biochemical Nomenclature of the IUPAC-IUB.
Physico-chemical properties: help Similar physico-chemical property. Both residues are medium size and hydrophobic. The physico-chemical property of the reference and variant residues and the change implicated.
BLOSUM score: help 2 The score within a Blosum matrix for the corresponding wild-type to variant amino acid change. The log-odds score measures the logarithm for the ratio of the likelihood of two amino acids appearing by chance. The Blosum62 substitution matrix is used. This substitution matrix contains scores for all possible exchanges of one amino acid with another:
  • Lowest score: -4 (low probability of substitution).
  • Highest score: 11 (high probability of substitution).
More information can be found on the following page

Variant description: help In AD3; disease phenotype shows high clinical variability; founder mutation originating from Southern Italy and distributed worldwide; alters the conformation of the active site; slightly increased protease activity with APP; decreased activity for Notch1 cleavage; no loss of its ability to cleave Ephb2/CTF1. Any additional useful information about the variant.
Other resources: help Links to websites of interest for the variant.


Sequence information Variant position: help 146 The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.
Protein sequence length: help 467 The length of the canonical sequence.
Location on the sequence: help GQRALHSILNAAIMISVIVV M TILLVVLYKYRCYKVIHAWL The residue change on the sequence. Unless the variant is located at the beginning or at the end of the protein sequence, both residues upstream (20) and downstream (20) of the variant will be shown.
Sequence annotation in neighborhood: help The regions or sites of interest surrounding the variant. In general the features listed are posttranslational modifications, binding sites, enzyme active sites, local secondary structure or other characteristics reported in the cited references. The "Sequence annotation in neighborhood" lines have a fixed format:
  • Type: the type of sequence feature.
  • Positions: endpoints of the sequence feature.
  • Description: contains additional information about the feature.
TypePositionsDescription
Chain 1 – 298 Presenilin-1 NTF subunit
Transmembrane 133 – 153 Helical
Mutagenesis 131 – 131 H -> R. Severe decrease of protease activity with APP.
Mutagenesis 136 – 136 A -> G. Decreased protease activity with APP.
Mutagenesis 143 – 143 I -> V. Increased amyloid-beta 42/amyloid-beta 40 ratio in vitro.
Mutagenesis 150 – 150 L -> P. Nearly abolishes protease activity with APP.
Mutagenesis 165 – 165 W -> G. Decreased protease activity with APP. Increased amyloid-beta 42/amyloid-beta 40 ratio in vitro.
Helix 125 – 155



Literature citations
Cloning of a gene bearing missense mutations in early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease.
Sherrington R.; Rogaev E.I.; Liang Y.; Rogaeva E.A.; Levesque G.; Ikeda M.; Chi H.; Lin C.; Li G.; Holman K.; Tsuda T.; Mar L.; Foncin J.-F.; Bruni A.C.; Montesi M.P.; Sorbi S.; Rainero I.; Pinessi L.; Nee L.; Chumakov I.; Pollen D.; Brookes A.; Sanseau P.; Polinsky R.J.; Wasco W.; da Silva H.A.R.; Haines J.L.; Pericak-Vance M.A.; Tanzi R.E.; Roses A.D.; Fraser P.E.; Rommens J.M.; St George-Hyslop P.H.;
Nature 375:754-760(1995)
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2); VARIANTS AD3 LEU-146; ARG-163; GLU-246 AND VAL-286; TISSUE SPECIFICITY; Early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease: prevalence, genetic heterogeneity, and mutation spectrum.
Campion D.; Dumanchin C.; Hannequin D.; Dubois B.; Belliard S.; Puel M.; Thomas-Anterion C.; Michon A.; Martin C.; Charbonnier F.; Raux G.; Camuzat A.; Penet C.; Mesnage V.; Martinez M.; Clerget-Darpoux F.; Brice A.; Frebourg T.;
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 65:664-670(1999)
Cited for: VARIANTS AD3 LEU-82; HIS-115; ASP-120; THR-139; LEU-146; ILE-147; ARG-163; CYS-165; TRP-173; THR-231; THR-233; PRO-235; LEU-264; ILE-390; VAL-392 AND TYR-410; VARIANT GLY-318; Screening for PS1 mutations in a referral-based series of AD cases: 21 novel mutations.
Rogaeva E.A.; Fafel K.C.; Song Y.Q.; Medeiros H.; Sato C.; Liang Y.; Richard E.; Rogaev E.I.; Frommelt P.; Sadovnick A.D.; Meschino W.; Rockwood K.; Boss M.A.; Mayeux R.; St George-Hyslop P.;
Neurology 57:621-625(2001)
Cited for: VARIANTS AD3 GLN-35; VAL-79; CYS-115; ASN-116; THR-143; ILE-146; LEU-146; VAL-146; TYR-156 DELINS PHE-THR-TYR; ARG-163; LEU-177; SER-177; PRO-178; ALA-206; SER-206; GLU-209; LEU-213; ARG-222; THR-231; LEU-233; PRO-235; PHE-261; ARG-274; ARG-352 INS; ILE-354; GLN-358; TYR-365; VAL-394; PHE-418; GLU-431; PHE-435 AND VAL-439; VARIANT GLY-318; Ligand binding and calcium influx induce distinct ectodomain/gamma-secretase-processing pathways of EphB2 receptor.
Litterst C.; Georgakopoulos A.; Shioi J.; Ghersi E.; Wisniewski T.; Wang R.; Ludwig A.; Robakis N.K.;
J. Biol. Chem. 282:16155-16163(2007)
Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS AD3 LEU-117; LEU-146; GLU-246; VAL-260; LEU-264 AND GLY-280; FUNCTION; MUTAGENESIS OF ASP-257; Worldwide distribution of PSEN1 Met146Leu mutation: a large variability for a founder mutation.
Bruni A.C.; Bernardi L.; Colao R.; Rubino E.; Smirne N.; Frangipane F.; Terni B.; Curcio S.A.; Mirabelli M.; Clodomiro A.; Di Lorenzo R.; Maletta R.; Anfossi M.; Gallo M.; Geracitano S.; Tomaino C.; Muraca M.G.; Leotta A.; Lio S.G.; Pinessi L.; Rainero I.; Sorbi S.; Nee L.; Milan G.; Pappata S.; Postiglione A.; Abbamondi N.; Forloni G.; St George Hyslop P.; Rogaeva E.; Bugiani O.; Giaccone G.; Foncin J.F.; Spillantini M.G.; Puccio G.;
Neurology 74:798-806(2010)
Cited for: VARIANT AD3 LEU-146; Familial Alzheimer disease presenilin-1 mutations alter the active site conformation of gamma-secretase.
Chau D.M.; Crump C.J.; Villa J.C.; Scheinberg D.A.; Li Y.M.;
J. Biol. Chem. 287:17288-17296(2012)
Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS AD3 LEU-146; ARG-163 AND ALA-280; Analysis of 138 pathogenic mutations in presenilin-1 on the in vitro production of Abeta42 and Abeta40 peptides by gamma-secretase.
Sun L.; Zhou R.; Yang G.; Shi Y.;
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 114:E476-E485(2017)
Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS AD3 GLN-35; VAL-79; LEU-82; PRO-85; LEU-89; SER-92; MET-94; PHE-96; LEU-97; HIS-115; ASN-116; ASP-120; LYS-120; ARG-134; ASP-135; VAL-139; THR-143; LEU-146; ILE-147; VAL-153; ASN-154; ARG-163; TYR-163; PRO-166; PRO-169; PHE-170; PRO-171; TRP-173; MET-174; LEU-177; PRO-178; VAL-183; ASP-184; ALA-206; SER-206; ARG-209; VAL-209; LEU-213; ARG-217; ARG-222; PHE-229; THR-231; LEU-233; THR-233; ARG-235; PRO-235; VAL-235; ILE-237; GLU-246; SER-250; VAL-260; PHE-261; PHE-262; ARG-263; LEU-264; SER-266; SER-267; GLY-269; VAL-271; ARG-274; VAL-275; ALA-280; GLY-280; ARG-282; VAL-285; VAL-286; ILE-354; GLN-358; GLU-378; VAL-378; VAL-381; ALA-384; ILE-390; VAL-392; VAL-394; THR-396; SER-405; THR-409; TYR-410; PHE-418; PRO-426; GLU-431; PHE-435; SER-436 AND VAL-439; CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT CMD1U GLY-333; MUTAGENESIS OF THR-99; PHE-105; ARG-108; LEU-113; PRO-117; GLU-123; HIS-131; ALA-136; ILE-143; LEU-150; TRP-165; ILE-168; PHE-176; GLU-184; ILE-202; SER-212; HIS-214; LEU-219; GLN-223; LEU-226; SER-230; ILE-238; LYS-239; THR-245; LEU-248; TYR-256; VAL-272; GLU-273; ARG-278; PRO-284; THR-291; ARG-352; SER-365; ARG-377; PHE-386; VAL-391; VAL-412; LEU-420; LEU-424; ALA-434 AND ILE-437;
Disclaimer: Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. They are not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnostic, treatment or care.