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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot variant pages

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O43918: Variant p.Gly228Trp

Autoimmune regulator
Gene: AIRE
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Variant information Variant position: help 228 The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.
Type of variant: help LP/P [Disclaimer] The variants are classified into three categories: LP/P, LB/B and US.
  • LP/P: likely pathogenic or pathogenic.
  • LB/B: likely benign or benign.
  • US: uncertain significance
Residue change: help From Glycine (G) to Tryptophan (W) at position 228 (G228W, p.Gly228Trp). Indicates the amino acid change of the variant. The one-letter and three-letter codes for amino acids used in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot are those adopted by the commission on Biochemical Nomenclature of the IUPAC-IUB.
Physico-chemical properties: help Change from glycine (G) to large size and aromatic (W) The physico-chemical property of the reference and variant residues and the change implicated.
BLOSUM score: help -2 The score within a Blosum matrix for the corresponding wild-type to variant amino acid change. The log-odds score measures the logarithm for the ratio of the likelihood of two amino acids appearing by chance. The Blosum62 substitution matrix is used. This substitution matrix contains scores for all possible exchanges of one amino acid with another:
  • Lowest score: -4 (low probability of substitution).
  • Highest score: 11 (high probability of substitution).
More information can be found on the following page
Variant description: help In APS1; changes the subcellular localization and in addition disrupts the transactivating capacity of the wild-type AIRE; acts with a dominant negative effect by binding to the wild-type AIRE thus preventing the protein from forming the complexes needed for transactivation. Any additional useful information about the variant.
Other resources: help Links to websites of interest for the variant.


Sequence information Variant position: help 228 The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.
Protein sequence length: help 545 The length of the canonical sequence.
Location on the sequence: help GILIQQVFESGGSKKCIQVG G EFYTPSKFEDSGSGKNKARS The residue change on the sequence. Unless the variant is located at the beginning or at the end of the protein sequence, both residues upstream (20) and downstream (20) of the variant will be shown.
Residue conservation: help The multiple alignment of the region surrounding the variant against various orthologous sequences. 
Human                         GILIQQVFESGGSKKCIQVGGEFYTPSKFED-SGSGKNKARS

Mouse                         GILIQQVFESGRSKKCIQVGGEFYTPNKFEDPSGNLKNKAR
Sequence annotation in neighborhood: help The regions or sites of interest surrounding the variant. In general the features listed are posttranslational modifications, binding sites, enzyme active sites, local secondary structure or other characteristics reported in the cited references. The "Sequence annotation in neighborhood" lines have a fixed format:
  • Type: the type of sequence feature.
  • Positions: endpoints of the sequence feature.
  • Description: contains additional information about the feature.
TypePositionsDescription
Chain 1 – 545 Autoimmune regulator
Domain 181 – 280 SAND
Alternative sequence 1 – 292 MATDAALRRLLRLHRTEIAVAVDSAFPLLHALADHDVVPEDKFQETLHLKEKEGCPQAFHALLSWLLTQDSTAILDFWRVLFKDYNLERYGRLQPILDSFPKDVDLSQPRKGRKPPAVPKALVPPPRLPTKRKASEEARAAAPAALTPRGTASPGSQLKAKPPKKPESSAEQQRLPLGNGIQTMSASVQRAVAMSSGDVPGARGAVEGILIQQVFESGGSKKCIQVGGEFYTPSKFEDSGSGKNKARSSSGPKPLVRAKGAQGAAPGGGEARLGQQGSVPAPLALPSDPQLH -> MWLVYSSGAPGTQQPARNRVFFPIGMAPGGVCWRPDGWGTGGQGRISGPGSMGAGQRLGSSGTQRCCWGSCFGKEVALRRVLHPS. In isoform 2, isoform 3 and isoform 4.



Literature citations
APECED-causing mutations in AIRE reveal the functional domains of the protein.
Halonen M.; Kangas H.; Rueppell T.; Ilmarinen T.; Ollila J.; Kolmer M.; Vihinen M.; Palvimo J.; Saarela J.; Ulmanen I.; Eskelin P.;
Hum. Mutat. 23:245-257(2004)
Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION; HOMOOLIGOMERIZATION; CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS APS1 LEU-15; MET-16; VAL-21; PRO-28; PRO-29; ARG-78; LEU-80; GLU-83; CYS-90; ARG-93; TRP-228 AND GLN-326; A novel mutation of the autoimmune regulator gene in an Italian kindred with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy, acting in a dominant fashion and strongly cosegregating with hypothyroid autoimmune thyroiditis.
Cetani F.; Barbesino G.; Borsari S.; Pardi E.; Cianferotti L.; Pinchera A.; Marcocci C.;
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 86:4747-4752(2001)
Cited for: VARIANT APS1 TRP-228; Functional analysis of SAND mutations in AIRE supports dominant inheritance of the G228W mutation.
Ilmarinen T.; Eskelin P.; Halonen M.; Rueppell T.; Kilpikari R.; Torres G.D.; Kangas H.; Ulmanen I.;
Hum. Mutat. 26:322-331(2005)
Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS APS1 PRO-28; CYS-85; TRP-228 AND LEU-252;
Disclaimer: Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. They are not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnostic, treatment or care.