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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot variant pages

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q00059: Variant p.Pro178Leu

Transcription factor A, mitochondrial
Gene: TFAM
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Variant information Variant position: help 178 The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.
Type of variant: help LP/P [Disclaimer] The variants are classified into three categories: LP/P, LB/B and US.
  • LP/P: likely pathogenic or pathogenic.
  • LB/B: likely benign or benign.
  • US: uncertain significance
Residue change: help From Proline (P) to Leucine (L) at position 178 (P178L, p.Pro178Leu). Indicates the amino acid change of the variant. The one-letter and three-letter codes for amino acids used in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot are those adopted by the commission on Biochemical Nomenclature of the IUPAC-IUB.
Physico-chemical properties: help Similar physico-chemical property. Both residues are medium size and hydrophobic. The physico-chemical property of the reference and variant residues and the change implicated.
BLOSUM score: help -3 The score within a Blosum matrix for the corresponding wild-type to variant amino acid change. The log-odds score measures the logarithm for the ratio of the likelihood of two amino acids appearing by chance. The Blosum62 substitution matrix is used. This substitution matrix contains scores for all possible exchanges of one amino acid with another:
  • Lowest score: -4 (low probability of substitution).
  • Highest score: 11 (high probability of substitution).
More information can be found on the following page
Variant description: help In MTDPS15. Any additional useful information about the variant.
Other resources: help Links to websites of interest for the variant.


Sequence information Variant position: help 178 The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.
Protein sequence length: help 246 The length of the canonical sequence.
Location on the sequence: help PRSAYNVYVAERFQEAKGDS P QEKLKTVKENWKNLSDSEKE The residue change on the sequence. Unless the variant is located at the beginning or at the end of the protein sequence, both residues upstream (20) and downstream (20) of the variant will be shown.
Residue conservation: help The multiple alignment of the region surrounding the variant against various orthologous sequences. 
Human                         PRSAYNVYVAERFQEAKGDSPQEKLKTVKENWKNLSDSEKE

Mouse                         PRSAYNIYVSESFQEAKDDSAQGKLKLVNEAWKNLSPEEKQ

Rat                           PRSAYNIYVSESFQEAKDESAQGKLKLVNQAWKNLSHDEKQ

Pig                           PRSAYNIFIAERFQEAKDGPSQVKLKTINENWKNLSSSQKQ

Bovine                        PRSAYNIFIAERFQEARDGTSQVKLKAINENWKNLSNSQKQ
Sequence annotation in neighborhood: help The regions or sites of interest surrounding the variant. In general the features listed are posttranslational modifications, binding sites, enzyme active sites, local secondary structure or other characteristics reported in the cited references. The "Sequence annotation in neighborhood" lines have a fixed format:
  • Type: the type of sequence feature.
  • Positions: endpoints of the sequence feature.
  • Description: contains additional information about the feature.
TypePositionsDescription
Chain 43 – 246 Transcription factor A, mitochondrial
DNA binding 155 – 219 HMG box 2
Site 182 – 182 Intercalates between bases and promotes DNA bending
Modified residue 160 – 160 Phosphoserine; by PKA
Modified residue 193 – 193 Phosphoserine
Modified residue 195 – 195 Phosphoserine
Alternative sequence 148 – 179 Missing. In isoform 2.
Mutagenesis 162 – 162 Y -> A. Moderate reduction in DNA bending.
Helix 178 – 190



Literature citations
Mutations in TFAM, encoding mitochondrial transcription factor A, cause neonatal liver failure associated with mtDNA depletion.
Stiles A.R.; Simon M.T.; Stover A.; Eftekharian S.; Khanlou N.; Wang H.L.; Magaki S.; Lee H.; Partynski K.; Dorrani N.; Chang R.; Martinez-Agosto J.A.; Abdenur J.E.;
Mol. Genet. Metab. 119:91-99(2016)
Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN MTDPS15; VARIANT MTDPS15 LEU-178;
Disclaimer: Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. They are not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnostic, treatment or care.