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Cellosaurus Vero (CVCL_0059)

Cell line name Vero
Synonyms VERO; VeroCCL81; Vero 81; Vero-81; Verda reno
Accession CVCL_0059
Resource Identification Initiative To cite this cell line use: Vero (RRID:CVCL_0059)
Comments Group: Non-human primate cell line.
Group: Vaccine production cell line.
Part of: Naval Biosciences Laboratory (NBL) collection (transferred to ATCC in 1982).
Biotechnology: Used for the production of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccine (Trade name: IXIARO/JESPECT).
Biotechnology: Used for the production of the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (Trade name: Imovax Polio).
Biotechnology: Used for the production of the Purified Vero-cell Rabies Vaccine (PVRV) (Trade name: VERORAB).
Biotechnology: Used for the production of the Chromatographically Purified Rabies Vaccine (CPRV).
Biotechnology: Used for the production of the live oral rotavirus vaccine (Trade Name: Rotarix).
Biotechnology: Used for the production of the live smallpox (Vaccinia) vaccine (Trade name: ACAM2000).
Biotechnology: Used for the production of the tetravalent dengue vaccine (Trade Name: Dengvaxia).
Biotechnology: Used for the production of the Bharat Biotech SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) vaccine (Trade name: Covaxin; also known as BBV152) (DrugBank=DB15847). The cell line is used to produces a inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus strain.
Biotechnology: Used for the production of the Sinovax SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) vaccine (Trade name: CoronaVac; also known as PiCoVacc) (DrugBank=DB15806). The cell line is used to produces the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus strain CN02 (PubMed=32376603).
Virology: Susceptible to infection by SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Produces a lytic infection (PubMed=15731278; PubMed=16494729).
Virology: Susceptible to infection by SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (COVID-19). But Vero C1008 (often known as Vero E6) (Cellosaurus=CVCL_0574) seems to be more appropriate for amplification and quantification (PubMed=32511316; PubMed=33389257).
Omics: Genome sequenced.
Anecdotal: Verda reno means green kidney in Esperanto and Vero means truth also in Esperanto.
Derived from site: In situ; Kidney, epithelium; UBERON=UBERON_0004819.
Cell type: Epithelial cell of kidney; CL=CL_0002518.
Species of origin Chlorocebus sabaeus (Green monkey) (Cercopithecus sabaeus) (NCBI Taxonomy: 60711)
Hierarchy Children:
CVCL_HA73 (BER-40)CVCL_4518 (ECTC)CVCL_C4MU (F1G)
CVCL_WJ16 (SVP)CVCL_RW60 (VD60)CVCL_A5BG (Vero 2.2)
CVCL_L035 (Vero 303)CVCL_0603 (Vero 76)CVCL_B3LR (Vero PVR1 KO)
CVCL_B3LT (Vero PVR2 KO)CVCL_L036 (Vero F6)CVCL_EJ70 (Vero M)
CVCL_RX68 (Vero Mx-Luc)CVCL_RX03 (Vero Mx13)CVCL_JF53 (Vero RCB 10-87)
CVCL_1912 (Vero-B4)CVCL_ZX02 (Vero-CD4/CCR5)CVCL_B7DX (Vero-CDM)
CVCL_B6C5 (Vero-EGFP-SBV-N)CVCL_C7NL (Vero-furin)CVCL_4334 (Vero-Hektor)
CVCL_C8WZ (Vero-Luc)CVCL_A7UI (Vero-Luc2p)CVCL_ZW93 (Vero-pA104R)
CVCL_A5IB (Vero-SCARB2)CVCL_1K11 (Vero-SF-ACF)CVCL_AS92 (Vero-SF-adapted)
CVCL_GA12 (Vero-SV2neo clone VN5)CVCL_A2ST (Vero-TB)CVCL_A8GK (Vero.DogSLAMtag)
CVCL_YZ45 (Vero.STAT1 KO)CVCL_L037 (Vero/hSLAM)CVCL_WC99 (VERO/IgR)
CVCL_GA11 (Vero/PPRV H)CVCL_1K13 (Vero/SF)CVCL_YQ48 (Vero/TMPRSS2)
CVCL_ZW77 (VeroS)CVCL_WL55 (VK219)CVCL_3807 (W162)
Sex of cell Female
Age at sampling Adult
Category Spontaneously immortalized cell line
Web pages https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vero_cell
https://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/00/backgrd/3616b1a.pdf
https://en.vircell.com/products/vero-cell-line/
https://www.thermofisher.com/ch/en/home/technical-resources/cell-lines/v/cell-lines-detail-60.html
https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/techniques/fluorescence/gallery/cells/vero/verocells.html
https://www.olympus-lifescience.com/de/microscope-resource/primer/techniques/fluorescence/gallery/cells/agmindex/
https://www.phe-culturecollections.org.uk/media/122249/vero-cell-line-profile.pdf
https://www.niid.go.jp/niid/ja/chlamydia-pneumonia-m/818-biochem/5752-vero.html
https://www.precisionvaccinations.com/vaccines/covaxin-covid-19-vaccine
Publications

CLPUB00126
Yasumura Y., Kawakita Y.
Studies on SV40 in tissue culture: preliminary step for cancer research in vitro.
Nihon Rinsho 21:1201-1219(1963)

PubMed=6027511; DOI=10.3181/00379727-125-32029
Simizu B., Rhim J.S., Wiebenga N.H.
Characterization of the Tacaribe group of arboviruses. I. Propagation and plaque assay of Tacaribe virus in a line of African green monkey kidney cells (Vero).
Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 125:119-123(1967)

DOI=10.1007/BF02618370
Stulberg C.S., Coriell L.L., Kniazeff A.J., Shannon J.E.
The animal cell culture collection.
In Vitro 5:1-16(1970)

PubMed=6298990; DOI=10.1016/0378-1135(82)90056-6
McPhee D.A., Parsonson I.M., Della-Porta A.J.
Comparative studies on the growth of Australian bluetongue virus serotypes in continuous cell lines and embryonated chicken eggs.
Vet. Microbiol. 7:401-410(1982)

PubMed=4043530
Whitaker A.M., Hayward C.J.
The characterization of three monkey kidney cell lines.
Dev. Biol. Stand. 60:125-131(1985)

CLPUB00328
Earley E.M., Johnson K.M.
The lineage of Vero, Vero 76 and its clone C1008 in the United States.
(In) Vero cells: origin, properties and biomedical applications; Simizu B., Terasima T. (eds.); pp.26-29; Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Chiba University; Chiba (1988)

PubMed=2260226
Tsareva A.A., Isaenko A.A., Urmanova M.A., Yurchenko N.D., Balzovskaia E.G., Rodionova O.M.
A karyotype study of the Vero cell line cultured long term in a monolayer by static and roller methods.
Tsitologiia 32:741-748(1990)

PubMed=10403033; DOI=10.1006/biol.1998.0156
Lang J., Cetre J.C., Picot N., Lanta M., Briantais P., Vital S., Le Mener V., Lutsch C., Rotivel Y.
Immunogenicity and safety in adults of a new chromatographically purified Vero-cell rabies vaccine (CPRV): a randomized, double-blind trial with purified Vero-cell rabies vaccine (PVRV).
Biologicals 26:299-308(1998)

PubMed=10494966
Montagnon B.J., Vincent-Falquet J.-C., Saluzzo J.-F.
Experience with Vero cells at Pasteur Merieux Connaught.
Dev. Biol. Stand. 98:137-140(1999)

PubMed=12667817; DOI=10.1016/S0042-6822(02)00064-8
Romanova J., Katinger D., Ferko B., Voglauer R., Mochalova L., Bovin N., Lim W., Katinger H., Egorov A.
Distinct host range of influenza H3N2 virus isolates in Vero and MDCK cells is determined by cell specific glycosylation pattern.
Virology 307:90-97(2003)

PubMed=15731278; DOI=10.1128/JVI.79.6.3846-3850.2005
Mossel E.C., Huang C., Narayanan K., Makino S., Tesh R.B., Peters C.J.
Exogenous ACE2 expression allows refractory cell lines to support severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication.
J. Virol. 79:3846-3850(2005)

PubMed=16494729; DOI=10.3201/eid1201.050496
Kaye M., Druce J., Tran T., Kostecki R., Chibo D., Morris J., Catton M., Birch C.
SARS-associated coronavirus replication in cell lines.
Emerg. Infect. Dis. 12:128-133(2006)

DOI=10.12665/J63.Morgan
Morgan J.H.
Vero cells in vaccine production.
BioProcess. J. 6:12-17(2007)

PubMed=19016439; DOI=10.1002/9780471729259.mca04es11
Ammerman N.C., Beier-Sexton M., Azad A.F.
Growth and maintenance of Vero cell lines.
Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 11:A.4E.1-A.4E.7(2008)

PubMed=19768803; DOI=10.1002/btpr.279
Rourou S., van der Ark A., van der Velden T., Kallel H.
Development of an animal-component free medium for Vero cells culture.
Biotechnol. Prog. 25:1752-1761(2009)

PubMed=19941903; DOI=10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.11.022
Karger A., Bettin B., Lenk M., Mettenleiter T.C.
Rapid characterisation of cell cultures by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometric typing.
J. Virol. Methods 164:116-121(2010)

PubMed=22059503; DOI=10.1186/1472-6750-11-102
Almeida J.L., Hill C.R., Cole K.D.
Authentication of African green monkey cell lines using human short tandem repeat markers.
BMC Biotechnol. 11:102.1-102.10(2011)

PubMed=24975811; DOI=10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.06.045
Donis R.O., Chen L.-M., Davis C.T., Foust A., Hossain M.J., Johnson A., Klimov A., Loughlin R.F., Xu X.-Y., Tsai T., Blayer S., Trusheim H., Colegate T., Fox J., Taylor B., Hussain A.I., Barr I., Baas C., Louwerens J., Geuns E., Lee M.-S., Venhuizen L., Neumeier E., Ziegler T.
Performance characteristics of qualified cell lines for isolation and propagation of influenza viruses for vaccine manufacturing.
Vaccine 32:6583-6590(2014)

PubMed=25267831; DOI=10.1093/dnares/dsu029
Osada N., Kohara A., Yamaji T., Hirayama N., Kasai F., Sekizuka T., Kuroda M., Hanada K.
The genome landscape of the African green monkey kidney-derived Vero cell line.
DNA Res. 21:673-683(2014)

PubMed=25903999; DOI=10.1002/biot.201400388
Genzel Y.
Designing cell lines for viral vaccine production: where do we stand?
Biotechnol. J. 10:728-740(2015)

PubMed=28386771; DOI=10.1007/s10616-017-0082-7
Andreani N.A., Renzi S., Piovani G., Ajmone-Marsan P., Bomba L., Villa R., Ferrari M., Dotti S.
Potential neoplastic evolution of Vero cells: in vivo and in vitro characterization.
Cytotechnology 69:741-750(2017)

PubMed=32376603; DOI=10.1126/science.abc1932
Gao Q., Bao L.-L., Mao H.-Y., Wang L., Xu K.-W., Yang M.-N., Li Y.-J., Zhu L., Wang N., Lv Z., Gao H., Ge X.-Q., Kan B., Hu Y.-L., Liu J.-N., Cai F., Jiang D.-Y., Yin Y.-H., Qin C.-F., Li J., Gong X.-J., Lou X.-Y., Shi W., Wu D.-D., Zhang H.-M., Zhu L., Deng W., Li Y.-R., Lu J.-X., Li C.-G., Wang X.-X., Yin W.-D., Zhang Y.-J., Qin C.
Development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2.
Science 369:77-81(2020)

PubMed=32511316; DOI=10.1101/2020.03.02.972935
Harcourt J.L., Tamin A., Lu X.-Y., Kamili S., Kumar-Sakthivel S., Murray J., Queen K., Tao Y., Paden C.R., Zhang J., Li Y., Uehara A., Wang H.-B., Goldsmith C., Bullock H.A., Wang L.-J., Whitaker B., Lynch B., Gautam R., Schindewolf C., Lokugamage K.G., Scharton D., Plante J.A., Mirchandani D., Widen S.G., Narayanan K., Makino S., Ksiazek T.G., Plante K.S., Weaver S.C., Lindstrom S., Tong S.-X., Menachery V.D., Thornburg N.J.
Isolation and characterization of SARS-CoV-2 from the first US COVID-19 patient.
bioRxiv 2020:972935-972935(2020)

PubMed=33389257; DOI=10.1007/s10096-020-04106-0
Wurtz N., Penant G., Jardot P., Duclos N., La Scola B.
Culture of SARS-CoV-2 in a panel of laboratory cell lines, permissivity, and differences in growth profile.
Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 40:477-484(2021)

Cross-references
Cell line collections (Providers) AddexBio; P0014002/4920
ATCC; CCL-81
ATCC; CCL-81.4
ATCC; CRL-6318 - Discontinued
BCRC; 60013
BCRJ; 0245
CCLV; CCLV-RIE 0015
CCLV; CCLV-RIE 0078
CCTCC; GDC0029
CLS; 605372
ECACC; 08011101
ECACC; 84113001
IBRC; C10001
ICLC; ATL95005
IZSLER; BS CL 86
JCRB; IFO50471
JCRB; JCRB0111
JCRB; JCRB9013
KCB; KCB 92017YJ
KCLB; 10081
NCBI_Iran; C101
RCB; RCB0001
TKG; TKG 0280
Ubigene; YC-A001
Cell line databases/resources CLO; CLO_0009524
CLO; CLO_0050515
MCCL; MCC:0000480
CLDB; cl4643
CLDB; cl4644
CLDB; cl4645
CLDB; cl4648
CLDB; cl4649
CLDB; cl4650
CLDB; cl4651
CLDB; cl5170
CCRID; 1101MON-PUMC000060
CCRID; 1102MON-NIFDC00001
CCRID; 3101MONGNO10
CCRID; 3101MONSCSP520
CCRID; 4201MON-CCTCC00029
CCRID; 5301MON-KCB92017YJ
FCS-free; 29-11-31-2-4-4
FCS-free; 29-11-47-1-8-9
FCS-free; 29-11-249-1-3-3
FCS-free; 29-11-338-1-16-3
FCS-free; 29-11-420-1-16-12
FCS-free; 29-11-433-1-16-12
FCS-free; 29-11-566-1-17-2
FCS-free; 29-11-587-1-18-2
FCS-free; 165-11-307-1-16-6
Lonza; 173
TOKU-E; 3415
Anatomy/cell type resources BTO; BTO:0001444
Chemistry resources ChEMBL-Cells; CHEMBL3307520
ChEMBL-Targets; CHEMBL391
PubChem_Cell_line; CVCL_0059
Encyclopedic resources Wikidata; Q3066564
Medical resources MeSH; D014709
Metabolomic databases MetaboLights; MTBLS2840
Entry history
Entry creation04-Apr-2012
Last entry update30-Jan-2024
Version number44