ID   A-172
AC   CVCL_0131
SY   A172; A 172; A-172 MG; A-172MG
DR   BTO; BTO:0000016
DR   CLO; CLO_0001543
DR   CLO; CLO_0001559
DR   CLO; CLO_0001560
DR   CLO; CLO_0050637
DR   EFO; EFO_0002101
DR   MCCL; MCC:0000023
DR   CLDB; cl142
DR   CLDB; cl143
DR   CLDB; cl144
DR   CLDB; cl146
DR   AddexBio; C0005009/5018
DR   ArrayExpress; E-MTAB-38
DR   ArrayExpress; E-MTAB-783
DR   ArrayExpress; E-MTAB-2706
DR   ArrayExpress; E-MTAB-2770
DR   ArrayExpress; E-MTAB-3610
DR   ATCC; CRL-1620
DR   ATCC; CRL-7899
DR   BioGRID_ORCS_Cell_line; 823
DR   BioSample; SAMN03471115
DR   BioSample; SAMN03471212
DR   BioSample; SAMN03471659
DR   BioSample; SAMN03471918
DR   BioSample; SAMN10988258
DR   cancercelllines; CVCL_0131
DR   CCRID; 3101HUMTCHu171
DR   Cell_Model_Passport; SIDM00799
DR   CGH-DB; 138-1
DR   ChEMBL-Cells; CHEMBL3308491
DR   ChEMBL-Targets; CHEMBL614512
DR   CLS; 300108
DR   Cosmic; 687563
DR   Cosmic; 849883
DR   Cosmic; 897446
DR   Cosmic; 1014068
DR   Cosmic; 1036334
DR   Cosmic; 1066233
DR   Cosmic; 1171223
DR   Cosmic; 1236360
DR   Cosmic; 1610751
DR   Cosmic; 1746956
DR   Cosmic; 1995327
DR   Cosmic; 2302321
DR   Cosmic; 2367506
DR   Cosmic; 2516012
DR   Cosmic-CLP; 687563
DR   DepMap; ACH-000558
DR   ECACC; 88062428
DR   EGA; EGAS00001000610
DR   EGA; EGAS00001000978
DR   ENCODE; ENCBS225AJI
DR   ENCODE; ENCBS874LTK
DR   GDSC; 687563
DR   GEO; GSM101609
DR   GEO; GSM101610
DR   GEO; GSM326244
DR   GEO; GSM886850
DR   GEO; GSM887914
DR   GEO; GSM1374378
DR   GEO; GSM1669577
DR   IARC_TP53; 21157
DR   ICLC; HTL97013
DR   IGRhCellID; A172
DR   IZSLER; BS TCL 2
DR   JCRB; JCRB0228
DR   KCB; KCB 200966YJ
DR   KCLB; 21620
DR   LiGeA; CCLE_757
DR   LINCS_LDP; LCL-1348
DR   Lonza; 178
DR   NCBI_Iran; C211
DR   PharmacoDB; A172_36_2019
DR   PRIDE; PXD001110
DR   PRIDE; PXD030304
DR   Progenetix; CVCL_0131
DR   PubChem_Cell_line; CVCL_0131
DR   RCB; RCB2530
DR   TKG; TKG 0183
DR   Wikidata; Q54605968
RX   DOI=10.1007/0-306-46861-1_11;
RX   DOI=10.1016/B978-0-12-333530-2.50005-8;
RX   PubMed=77569;
RX   PubMed=212188;
RX   PubMed=450131;
RX   PubMed=833871;
RX   PubMed=1385192;
RX   PubMed=3518877;
RX   PubMed=3675803;
RX   PubMed=3759084;
RX   PubMed=4357758;
RX   PubMed=6220172;
RX   PubMed=6256643;
RX   PubMed=6260907;
RX   PubMed=6652614;
RX   PubMed=6825208;
RX   PubMed=6954533;
RX   PubMed=7523863;
RX   PubMed=9090379;
RX   PubMed=9220028;
RX   PubMed=9290701;
RX   PubMed=9842975;
RX   PubMed=10402232;
RX   PubMed=10416987;
RX   PubMed=10698499;
RX   PubMed=11351043;
RX   PubMed=14614447;
RX   PubMed=14655754;
RX   PubMed=15900046;
RX   PubMed=16232199;
RX   PubMed=16697959;
RX   PubMed=17254797;
RX   PubMed=17595512;
RX   PubMed=19365568;
RX   PubMed=19435942;
RX   PubMed=20164919;
RX   PubMed=20215515;
RX   PubMed=21406405;
RX   PubMed=22460905;
RX   PubMed=22570425;
RX   PubMed=23637631;
RX   PubMed=25485619;
RX   PubMed=25877200;
RX   PubMed=25984343;
RX   PubMed=26589293;
RX   PubMed=27397505;
RX   PubMed=30894373;
RX   PubMed=30971826;
RX   PubMed=31068700;
RX   PubMed=31978347;
RX   PubMed=35839778;
WW   https://www.thermofisher.com/ch/en/home/technical-resources/cell-lines/a/cell-lines-detail-280.html
CC   Part of: Cancer Dependency Map project (DepMap) (includes Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia - CCLE).
CC   Part of: COSMIC cell lines project.
CC   Part of: Naval Biosciences Laboratory (NBL) collection (transferred to ATCC in 1982).
CC   Part of: PTEN genetic alteration cell panel (ATCC TCP-1030).
CC   Population: Caucasian.
CC   Doubling time: 44 hours (PubMed=9842975); 40 hours (PubMed=25984343); ~45 hours (Note=Lot 021999), ~30 hours (Note=Lot 06092006), ~42 hours (Note=Lot 06262015), ~26 hours (Note=Lot 12192018) (JCRB=JCRB0228).
CC   HLA typing: A*01,02; B*07,08 (PubMed=77569).
CC   HLA typing: A*01:01,03:01; B*07:02,08:01; C*07:01,07:01; DQB1*06:07,06:07; DRB1*11:26,13:09 (PubMed=26589293).
CC   HLA typing: A*01:01:01,03:01:01; B*07:02:01,08:01:01; C*07:01:01,07:02:01; DPB1*02:01:02G,04:02:01G; DQA1*05:01,05:05; DQB1*02:01,03:01; DRB1*03:01,11:01 (CLS=300108).
CC   Microsatellite instability: Stable (MSS) (Sanger).
CC   Sequence variation: Gene deletion; HGNC; 9588; PTEN; Zygosity=Homozygous (PubMed=9090379).
CC   Sequence variation: Gene fusion; HGNC; 76; ABL1 + HGNC; 1539; CBFB; Name(s)=ABL1-CBFB (PubMed=23637631).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 5382; IDH1; None_reported; -; Zygosity=- (PubMed=19435942).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 11998; TP53; None_reported; -; Zygosity=- (PubMed=14614447; PubMed=15900046).
CC   Omics: Array-based CGH.
CC   Omics: CNV analysis.
CC   Omics: CRISPR phenotypic screen.
CC   Omics: Deep exome analysis.
CC   Omics: Deep quantitative proteome analysis.
CC   Omics: DNA methylation analysis.
CC   Omics: shRNA library screening.
CC   Omics: SNP array analysis.
CC   Omics: Transcriptome analysis by microarray.
CC   Omics: Transcriptome analysis by RNAseq.
CC   Genome ancestry: African=0%; Native American=0%; East Asian, North=2.05%; East Asian, South=0%; South Asian=1.21%; European, North=68.98%; European, South=27.77% (PubMed=30894373).
CC   Discontinued: ATCC; CRL-7899; true.
CC   Derived from site: In situ; Brain; UBERON=UBERON_0000955.
ST   Source(s): AddexBio; ATCC; CLS; Cosmic-CLP; ECACC; IZSLER; JCRB; KCLB; PubMed=17254797; PubMed=22570425; PubMed=25877200; RCB; TKG
ST   Amelogenin: X,Y
ST   CSF1PO: 9,11 (PubMed=17254797)
ST   CSF1PO: 9,12 (AddexBio; ATCC; CLS; Cosmic-CLP; ECACC; IZSLER; JCRB; KCLB; PubMed=22570425; PubMed=25877200; RCB; TKG)
ST   D12S391: 22
ST   D13S317: 11
ST   D16S539: 11 (PubMed=17254797)
ST   D16S539: 12 (AddexBio; ATCC; CLS; Cosmic-CLP; ECACC; IZSLER; JCRB; KCLB; PubMed=22570425; PubMed=25877200; RCB; TKG)
ST   D18S51: 12,13
ST   D19S433: 12,15.2
ST   D1S1656: 12,14
ST   D21S11: 27,32 (PubMed=17254797)
ST   D21S11: 28,32.2 (CLS; IZSLER; PubMed=22570425; PubMed=25877200)
ST   D2S1338: 20,21
ST   D3S1358: 14,18 (CLS; PubMed=22570425; PubMed=25877200)
ST   D3S1358: 15,18 (PubMed=17254797)
ST   D5S818: 11,12
ST   D6S1043: 13,18
ST   D7S820: 11
ST   D8S1179: 13,14
ST   FGA: 20,22
ST   Penta D: 9,13
ST   Penta E: 5,10
ST   TH01: 6,9.3 (AddexBio; ATCC; CLS; Cosmic-CLP; ECACC; IZSLER; KCLB; PubMed=22570425; PubMed=25877200; RCB; TKG)
ST   TH01: 6,10 (JCRB; PubMed=17254797)
ST   TPOX: 8,11
ST   vWA: 16,20 (ATCC)
ST   vWA: 17,20 (RCB)
ST   vWA: 20 (AddexBio; CLS; Cosmic-CLP; ECACC; IZSLER; JCRB; KCLB; PubMed=17254797; PubMed=22570425; PubMed=25877200; TKG)
DI   NCIt; C3058; Glioblastoma
DI   ORDO; Orphanet_360; Glioblastoma
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606; ! Homo sapiens (Human)
SX   Male
AG   53Y
CA   Cancer cell line
DT   Created: 04-04-12; Last updated: 30-01-24; Version: 46
//
RX   DOI=10.1007/0-306-46861-1_11;
RA   Ali-Osman F.;
RT   "Brain tumors.";
RL   (In) Human cell culture. Vol. 2. Cancer Cell Lines part 2; Masters J.R.W., Palsson B.O. (eds.); pp.167-184; Kluwer Academic Publishers; New York (1999).
//
RX   DOI=10.1016/B978-0-12-333530-2.50005-8;
RA   Nister M., Westermark B.;
RT   "Human glioma cell lines.";
RL   (In) Atlas of human tumor cell lines; Hay R.J., Park J.-G., Gazdar A.F. (eds.); pp.17-42; Academic Press; New York (1994).
//
RX   PubMed=77569; DOI=10.1111/j.1399-0039.1978.tb01259.x;
RA   Espmark J.A., Ahlqvist-Roth L., Sarne L., Persson A.;
RT   "Tissue typing of cells in culture. III. HLA antigens of established
RT   human cell lines. Attempts at typing by the mixed hemadsorption
RT   technique.";
RL   Tissue Antigens 11:279-286(1978).
//
RX   PubMed=212188;
RA   Todaro G.J., De Larco J.E.;
RT   "Growth factors produced by sarcoma virus-transformed cells.";
RL   Cancer Res. 38:4147-4154(1978).
//
RX   PubMed=450131; DOI=10.1038/279797a0;
RA   Day R.S. III, Ziolkowski C.H.J.;
RT   "Human brain tumour cell strains with deficient host-cell reactivation
RT   of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-damaged adenovirus 5.";
RL   Nature 279:797-799(1979).
//
RX   PubMed=833871; DOI=10.1093/jnci/58.2.209;
RA   Fogh J., Wright W.C., Loveless J.D.;
RT   "Absence of HeLa cell contamination in 169 cell lines derived from
RT   human tumors.";
RL   J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 58:209-214(1977).
//
RX   PubMed=1385192; DOI=10.1016/0531-5565(92)90007-m;
RA   Fleming T.P., Matsui T., Aaronson S.A.;
RT   "Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor activation in cell
RT   transformation and human malignancy.";
RL   Exp. Gerontol. 27:523-532(1992).
//
RX   PubMed=3518877; DOI=10.3109/07357908609038260;
RA   Fogh J.;
RT   "Human tumor lines for cancer research.";
RL   Cancer Invest. 4:157-184(1986).
//
RX   PubMed=3675803;
RA   Bigner S.H., Bjerkvig R., Laerum O.D., Muhlbaier L.H., Bigner D.D.;
RT   "DNA content and chromosomes in permanent cultured cell lines derived
RT   from malignant human gliomas.";
RL   Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. 9:435-444(1987).
//
RX   PubMed=3759084; DOI=10.1007/BF00278796;
RA   Henn W., Blin N., Zang K.-D.;
RT   "Polysomy of chromosome 7 is correlated with overexpression of the
RT   erbB oncogene in human glioblastoma cell lines.";
RL   Hum. Genet. 74:104-106(1986).
//
RX   PubMed=4357758; DOI=10.1093/jnci/51.5.1417;
RA   Giard D.J., Aaronson S.A., Todaro G.J., Arnstein P., Kersey J.H.,
RA   Dosik H., Parks W.P.;
RT   "In vitro cultivation of human tumors: establishment of cell lines
RT   derived from a series of solid tumors.";
RL   J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 51:1417-1423(1973).
//
RX   PubMed=6220172;
RA   Dracopoli N.C., Fogh J.;
RT   "Polymorphic enzyme analysis of cultured human tumor cell lines.";
RL   J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 70:469-476(1983).
//
RX   PubMed=6256643; DOI=10.1038/288724a0;
RA   Day R.S. III, Ziolkowski C.H.J., Scudiero D.A., Meyer S.A.,
RA   Lubiniecki A.S., Girardi A.J., Galloway S.M., Bynum G.D.;
RT   "Defective repair of alkylated DNA by human tumour and
RT   SV40-transformed human cell strains.";
RL   Nature 288:724-727(1980).
//
RX   PubMed=6260907; DOI=10.1097/00005072-198105000-00001;
RA   Bigner D.D., Bigner S.H., Ponten J., Westermark B., Mahaley M.S. Jr.,
RA   Ruoslahti E., Herschman H., Eng L.F., Wikstrand C.J.;
RT   "Heterogeneity of genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of fifteen
RT   permanent cell lines derived from human gliomas.";
RL   J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 40:201-229(1981).
//
RX   PubMed=6652614; DOI=10.1016/0165-4608(83)90091-2;
RA   Bigner S.H., Mark J., Bigner D.D.;
RT   "Chromosomal composition of four permanent cultured cell lines derived
RT   from human gliomas.";
RL   Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 10:335-349(1983).
//
RX   PubMed=6825208; DOI=10.1093/carcin/4.2.199;
RA   Yarosh D.B., Foote R.S., Mitra S., Day R.S. III;
RT   "Repair of O6-methylguanine in DNA by demethylation is lacking in Mer-
RT   human tumor cell strains.";
RL   Carcinogenesis 4:199-205(1983).
//
RX   PubMed=6954533; DOI=10.1073/pnas.79.7.2194;
RA   Westin E.H., Gallo R.C., Arya S.K., Eva A., Souza L.M., Baluda M.A.,
RA   Aaronson S.A., Wong-Staal F.;
RT   "Differential expression of the amv gene in human hematopoietic
RT   cells.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79:2194-2198(1982).
//
RX   PubMed=7523863; DOI=10.1128/mcb.14.11.7604-7610.1994;
RA   Pomykala H.M., Bohlander S.K., Broeker P.L., Olopade O.I., Diaz M.O.;
RT   "Breakpoint junctions of chromosome 9p deletions in two human glioma
RT   cell lines.";
RL   Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:7604-7610(1994).
//
RX   PubMed=9090379; DOI=10.1038/ng0497-356;
RA   Steck P.A., Pershouse M.A., Jasser S.A., Yung W.-K.A., Lin H.,
RA   Ligon A.H., Langford L.A., Baumgard M.L., Hattier T., Davis T.,
RA   Frye C., Hu R., Swedlund B., Teng D.H.-F., Tavtigian S.V.;
RT   "Identification of a candidate tumour suppressor gene, MMAC1, at
RT   chromosome 10q23.3 that is mutated in multiple advanced cancers.";
RL   Nat. Genet. 15:356-362(1997).
//
RX   PubMed=9220028; DOI=10.1016/S0303-7207(97)00080-4;
RA   Sharif T.R., Luo W., Sharif M.;
RT   "Functional expression of bombesin receptor in most adult and
RT   pediatric human glioblastoma cell lines; role in mitogenesis and in
RT   stimulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.";
RL   Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 130:119-130(1997).
//
RX   PubMed=9290701; DOI=10.1002/(SICI)1098-2744(199708)19:4<243::AID-MC5>3.0.CO;2-D;
RA   Jia L.-Q., Osada M., Ishioka C., Gamo M., Ikawa S., Suzuki T.,
RA   Shimodaira H., Niitani T., Kudo T., Akiyama M., Kimura N., Matsuo M.,
RA   Mizusawa H., Tanaka N., Koyama H., Namba M., Kanamaru R., Kuroki T.;
RT   "Screening the p53 status of human cell lines using a yeast functional
RT   assay.";
RL   Mol. Carcinog. 19:243-253(1997).
//
RX   PubMed=9842975; DOI=10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19981218)79:6<640::AID-IJC15>3.0.CO;2-z;
RA   Weller M., Rieger J., Grimmel C., Van Meir E.G., De Tribolet N.,
RA   Krajewski S., Reed J.C., von Deimling A., Dichgans J.;
RT   "Predicting chemoresistance in human malignant glioma cells: the role
RT   of molecular genetic analyses.";
RL   Int. J. Cancer 79:640-644(1998).
//
RX   PubMed=10402232; DOI=10.3892/ijo.15.2.237;
RA   Sharif T.R., Sharif M.;
RT   "Overexpression of protein kinase C epsilon in astroglial brain tumor
RT   derived cell lines and primary tumor samples.";
RL   Int. J. Oncol. 15:237-243(1999).
//
RX   PubMed=10416987; DOI=10.1111/j.1750-3639.1999.tb00536.x;
RA   Ishii N., Maier D., Merlo A., Tada M., Sawamura Y., Diserens A.-C.,
RA   Van Meir E.G.;
RT   "Frequent co-alterations of TP53, p16/CDKN2A, p14ARF, PTEN tumor
RT   suppressor genes in human glioma cell lines.";
RL   Brain Pathol. 9:469-479(1999).
//
RX   PubMed=10698499; DOI=10.1038/sj.onc.1203409;
RA   Ciesielski M.J., Fenstermaker R.A.;
RT   "Oncogenic epidermal growth factor receptor mutants with tandem
RT   duplication: gene structure and effects on receptor function.";
RL   Oncogene 19:810-820(2000).
//
RX   PubMed=11351043; DOI=10.1038/labinvest.3780280;
RA   Hui A.B.-Y., Lo K.-W., Yin X.-L., Poon W.-S., Ng H.-K.;
RT   "Detection of multiple gene amplifications in glioblastoma multiforme
RT   using array-based comparative genomic hybridization.";
RL   Lab. Invest. 81:717-723(2001).
//
RX   PubMed=14614447; DOI=10.1038/sj.onc.1207198;
RA   Wischhusen J., Naumann U., Ohgaki H., Rastinejad F., Weller M.;
RT   "CP-31398, a novel p53-stabilizing agent, induces p53-dependent and
RT   p53-independent glioma cell death.";
RL   Oncogene 22:8233-8245(2003).
//
RX   PubMed=14655754; DOI=10.1111/j.1750-3639.2003.tb00479.x;
RA   Bahr O., Rieger J., Duffner F., Meyermann R., Weller M., Wick W.;
RT   "P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein mediate
RT   specific patterns of multidrug resistance in malignant glioma cell
RT   lines, but not in primary glioma cells.";
RL   Brain Pathol. 13:482-494(2003).
//
RX   PubMed=15900046; DOI=10.1093/jnci/dji133;
RA   Mashima T., Oh-hara T., Sato S., Mochizuki M., Sugimoto Y.,
RA   Yamazaki K., Hamada J.-i., Tada M., Moriuchi T., Ishikawa Y., Kato Y.,
RA   Tomoda H., Yamori T., Tsuruo T.;
RT   "p53-defective tumors with a functional apoptosome-mediated pathway: a
RT   new therapeutic target.";
RL   J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 97:765-777(2005).
//
RX   PubMed=16232199; DOI=10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00099.x;
RA   Saigusa K., Hashimoto N., Tsuda H., Yokoi S., Maruno M., Yoshimine T.,
RA   Aoyagi M., Ohno K., Imoto I., Inazawa J.;
RT   "Overexpressed Skp2 within 5p amplification detected by array-based
RT   comparative genomic hybridization is associated with poor prognosis of
RT   glioblastomas.";
RL   Cancer Sci. 96:676-683(2005).
//
RX   PubMed=16697959; DOI=10.1016/j.ccr.2006.03.030;
RA   Lee J., Kotliarova S., Kotliarov Y., Li A.-G., Su Q., Donin N.M.,
RA   Pastorino S., Purow B.W., Christopher N., Zhang W., Park J.K.,
RA   Fine H.A.;
RT   "Tumor stem cells derived from glioblastomas cultured in bFGF and EGF
RT   more closely mirror the phenotype and genotype of primary tumors than
RT   do serum-cultured cell lines.";
RL   Cancer Cell 9:391-403(2006).
//
RX   PubMed=17254797; DOI=10.1016/j.biologicals.2006.10.001;
RA   Azari S., Ahmadi N., Tehrani M.J., Shokri F.;
RT   "Profiling and authentication of human cell lines using short tandem
RT   repeat (STR) loci: report from the National Cell Bank of Iran.";
RL   Biologicals 35:195-202(2007).
//
RX   PubMed=17595512; DOI=10.1159/000104150;
RA   Rieger J., Frank B., Weller M., Wick W.;
RT   "Mechanisms of resistance of human glioma cells to Apo2
RT   ligand/TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.";
RL   Cell. Physiol. Biochem. 20:23-34(2007).
//
RX   PubMed=19365568; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0005209;
RA   Bax D.A., Little S.E., Gaspar N., Perryman L., Marshall L.,
RA   Viana-Pereira M., Jones T.A., Williams R.D., Grigoriadis A.,
RA   Vassal G., Workman P., Sheer D., Reis R.M., Pearson A.D.J., Hargrave D.,
RA   Jones C.;
RT   "Molecular and phenotypic characterisation of paediatric glioma cell
RT   lines as models for preclinical drug development.";
RL   PLoS ONE 4:E5209-E5209(2009).
//
RX   PubMed=19435942; DOI=10.1215/15228517-2009-025;
RA   Ichimura K., Pearson D.M., Kocialkowski S., Backlund L.M., Chan R.,
RA   Jones D.T.W., Collins V.P.;
RT   "IDH1 mutations are present in the majority of common adult gliomas
RT   but rare in primary glioblastomas.";
RL   Neuro-oncol. 11:341-347(2009).
//
RX   PubMed=20164919; DOI=10.1038/nature08768;
RA   Bignell G.R., Greenman C.D., Davies H., Butler A.P., Edkins S.,
RA   Andrews J.M., Buck G., Chen L., Beare D., Latimer C., Widaa S.,
RA   Hinton J., Fahey C., Fu B.-Y., Swamy S., Dalgliesh G.L., Teh B.T.,
RA   Deloukas P., Yang F.-T., Campbell P.J., Futreal P.A., Stratton M.R.;
RT   "Signatures of mutation and selection in the cancer genome.";
RL   Nature 463:893-898(2010).
//
RX   PubMed=20215515; DOI=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-3458;
RA   Rothenberg S.M., Mohapatra G., Rivera M.N., Winokur D., Greninger P.,
RA   Nitta M., Sadow P.M., Sooriyakumar G., Brannigan B.W., Ulman M.J.,
RA   Perera R.M., Wang R., Tam A., Ma X.-J., Erlander M., Sgroi D.C.,
RA   Rocco J.W., Lingen M.W., Cohen E.E.W., Louis D.N., Settleman J.,
RA   Haber D.A.;
RT   "A genome-wide screen for microdeletions reveals disruption of
RT   polarity complex genes in diverse human cancers.";
RL   Cancer Res. 70:2158-2164(2010).
//
RX   PubMed=21406405; DOI=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-3112;
RA   Grzmil M., Morin P. Jr., Lino M.M., Merlo A., Frank S., Wang Y.-H.,
RA   Moncayo G., Hemmings B.A.;
RT   "MAP kinase-interacting kinase 1 regulates SMAD2-dependent TGF-beta
RT   signaling pathway in human glioblastoma.";
RL   Cancer Res. 71:2392-2402(2011).
//
RX   PubMed=22460905; DOI=10.1038/nature11003;
RA   Barretina J.G., Caponigro G., Stransky N., Venkatesan K., Margolin A.A.,
RA   Kim S., Wilson C.J., Lehar J., Kryukov G.V., Sonkin D., Reddy A.,
RA   Liu M., Murray L., Berger M.F., Monahan J.E., Morais P., Meltzer J.,
RA   Korejwa A., Jane-Valbuena J., Mapa F.A., Thibault J., Bric-Furlong E.,
RA   Raman P., Shipway A., Engels I.H., Cheng J., Yu G.-Y.K., Yu J.-J.,
RA   Aspesi P. Jr., de Silva M., Jagtap K., Jones M.D., Wang L., Hatton C.,
RA   Palescandolo E., Gupta S., Mahan S., Sougnez C., Onofrio R.C.,
RA   Liefeld T., MacConaill L.E., Winckler W., Reich M., Li N.-X., Mesirov J.P.,
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