ID   LoVo
AC   CVCL_0399
SY   LOVO
DR   BTO; BTO:0000666
DR   CLO; CLO_0007377
DR   CLO; CLO_0007378
DR   CLO; CLO_0050632
DR   EFO; EFO_0006639
DR   MCCL; MCC:0000293
DR   CLDB; cl3248
DR   CLDB; cl3249
DR   CLDB; cl3250
DR   CLDB; cl4981
DR   AddexBio; C0009011/380
DR   ArrayExpress; E-MTAB-783
DR   ArrayExpress; E-MTAB-2706
DR   ArrayExpress; E-MTAB-2770
DR   ArrayExpress; E-MTAB-3610
DR   ATCC; CCL-229
DR   BCRC; 60148
DR   BCRJ; 0332
DR   BioGRID_ORCS_Cell_line; 405
DR   BioSample; SAMN03470964
DR   BioSample; SAMN03471476
DR   BioSample; SAMN03472104
DR   BioSample; SAMN03472362
DR   BioSample; SAMN03473360
DR   BioSample; SAMN05292432
DR   BioSample; SAMN10988310
DR   cancercelllines; CVCL_0399
DR   CCLV; CCLV-RIE 1151
DR   CCRID; 1101HUM-PUMC000164
DR   CCRID; 3101HUMSCSP514
DR   CCRID; 3101HUMTCHu82
DR   CCRID; 4201HUM-CCTCC00646
DR   CCTCC; GDC0186
DR   Cell_Model_Passport; SIDM00839
DR   ChEMBL-Cells; CHEMBL3307691
DR   ChEMBL-Targets; CHEMBL614721
DR   CLS; 300266
DR   ColonAtlas; LOVO
DR   Cosmic; 711256
DR   Cosmic; 720330
DR   Cosmic; 724842
DR   Cosmic; 738931
DR   Cosmic; 873702
DR   Cosmic; 876724
DR   Cosmic; 887220
DR   Cosmic; 889534
DR   Cosmic; 897741
DR   Cosmic; 905003
DR   Cosmic; 907790
DR   Cosmic; 913886
DR   Cosmic; 948858
DR   Cosmic; 985997
DR   Cosmic; 995396
DR   Cosmic; 1043567
DR   Cosmic; 1057754
DR   Cosmic; 1066209
DR   Cosmic; 1122327
DR   Cosmic; 1132566
DR   Cosmic; 1132691
DR   Cosmic; 1184084
DR   Cosmic; 1184329
DR   Cosmic; 1187308
DR   Cosmic; 1223145
DR   Cosmic; 1312303
DR   Cosmic; 1466817
DR   Cosmic; 1479597
DR   Cosmic; 1482522
DR   Cosmic; 1486133
DR   Cosmic; 1524331
DR   Cosmic; 1552182
DR   Cosmic; 1571770
DR   Cosmic; 1676729
DR   Cosmic; 1609489
DR   Cosmic; 1708412
DR   Cosmic; 1803948
DR   Cosmic; 1927244
DR   Cosmic; 1945867
DR   Cosmic; 1995488
DR   Cosmic; 2267319
DR   Cosmic; 2301996
DR   Cosmic; 2389574
DR   Cosmic; 2588707
DR   Cosmic; 2646767
DR   Cosmic; 2651865
DR   Cosmic; 2664049
DR   Cosmic; 2667975
DR   Cosmic; 2760062
DR   Cosmic; 2787548
DR   Cosmic; 2800576
DR   Cosmic-CLP; 907790
DR   DepMap; ACH-000950
DR   DSMZ; ACC-350
DR   DSMZCellDive; ACC-350
DR   ECACC; 87060101
DR   EGA; EGAS00001000610
DR   EGA; EGAS00001000978
DR   EGA; EGAS00001002554
DR   ENCODE; ENCBS024NHD
DR   ENCODE; ENCBS080BPN
DR   GDSC; 907790
DR   GEO; GSM206517
DR   GEO; GSM274719
DR   GEO; GSM274720
DR   GEO; GSM274729
DR   GEO; GSM513820
DR   GEO; GSM514296
DR   GEO; GSM741268
DR   GEO; GSM784014
DR   GEO; GSM887274
DR   GEO; GSM888349
DR   GEO; GSM1346882
DR   GEO; GSM1374627
DR   GEO; GSM1374628
DR   GEO; GSM1374629
DR   GEO; GSM1374630
DR   GEO; GSM1448163
DR   GEO; GSM1670055
DR   GEO; GSM2550007
DR   GEO; GSM3591765
DR   IARC_TP53; 21485
DR   ICLC; HTL99028
DR   IZSLER; BS TCL 205
DR   JCRB; IFO50067
DR   JCRB; JCRB9083
DR   KCB; KCB 200718YJ
DR   KCLB; 10229
DR   LiGeA; CCLE_421
DR   LINCS_LDP; LCL-1181
DR   Lonza; 1021
DR   MetaboLights; MTBLS227
DR   NCI-DTP; LOVO
DR   PharmacoDB; LoVo_856_2019
DR   PRIDE; PXD005235
DR   PRIDE; PXD005354
DR   PRIDE; PXD005355
DR   PRIDE; PXD030304
DR   Progenetix; CVCL_0399
DR   PubChem_Cell_line; CVCL_0399
DR   RCB; RCB1639
DR   SKY/M-FISH/CGH; 2878
DR   TKG; TKG 0344
DR   Wikidata; Q54902894
RX   PubMed=1260746;
RX   PubMed=3335022;
RX   PubMed=7104989;
RX   PubMed=7651727;
RX   PubMed=8197130;
RX   PubMed=8464898;
RX   PubMed=9000147;
RX   PubMed=9000572;
RX   PubMed=9290701;
RX   PubMed=9294210;
RX   PubMed=9515795;
RX   PubMed=9715273;
RX   PubMed=10612807;
RX   PubMed=10674020;
RX   PubMed=10737795;
RX   PubMed=11226274;
RX   PubMed=11314036;
RX   PubMed=11414198;
RX   PubMed=11416159;
RX   PubMed=11526487;
RX   PubMed=11668190;
RX   PubMed=12068308;
RX   PubMed=12584437;
RX   PubMed=12615714;
RX   PubMed=12661003;
RX   PubMed=15771911;
RX   PubMed=15900046;
RX   PubMed=16418264;
RX   PubMed=16854228;
RX   PubMed=18258742;
RX   PubMed=19927377;
RX   PubMed=19941903;
RX   PubMed=20164919;
RX   PubMed=20570890;
RX   PubMed=20606684;
RX   PubMed=20831567;
RX   PubMed=22460905;
RX   PubMed=24042735;
RX   PubMed=24755471;
RX   PubMed=25485619;
RX   PubMed=25877200;
RX   PubMed=25926053;
RX   PubMed=25944804;
RX   PubMed=25984343;
RX   PubMed=26537799;
RX   PubMed=26589293;
RX   PubMed=27397505;
RX   PubMed=28196595;
RX   PubMed=28683746;
RX   PubMed=28854368;
RX   PubMed=29101300;
RX   PubMed=29444439;
RX   PubMed=30894373;
RX   PubMed=30971826;
RX   PubMed=31068700;
RX   PubMed=32172478;
RX   PubMed=34320349;
RX   PubMed=35839778;
WW   https://www.cellosaurus.org/pawefish/ColonCellLineDescriptions/LoVo.html
WW   https://www.synapse.org/#!Synapse:syn31544586
WW   https://www.thermofisher.com/ch/en/home/technical-resources/cell-lines/l/cell-lines-detail-208.html
WW   https://tcpaportal.org/mclp/
CC   Part of: Cancer Dependency Map project (DepMap) (includes Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia - CCLE).
CC   Part of: COSMIC cell lines project.
CC   Part of: KuDOS 95 cell line panel.
CC   Part of: MD Anderson Cell Lines Project.
CC   Part of: NCI RAS program mutant KRAS cell line panel.
CC   Population: Caucasian.
CC   Doubling time: 37 hours (PubMed=1260746); 33.16 hours (PubMed=25944804); 52 hours (PubMed=25984343); ~48 hours (DSMZ=ACC-350); ~34 hours (PBCF).
CC   HLA typing: A*01:01,32:01; B*27:08,57:01; C*06:02,06:02; DQA1*03:02,05:02; DQB1*06:13,06:13; DRB1*09:07,13:10 (PubMed=26589293).
CC   Microsatellite instability: Instable (MSI-high) (PubMed=9000147; PubMed=10674020; PubMed=12661003; PubMed=24042735; PubMed=24755471; PubMed=25926053; PubMed=28683746; PubMed=31068700; Sanger).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 173; ACVR2A; Simple; p.Lys437Argfs*5 (c.1310delA); dbSNP=rs764719749; Zygosity=Heterozygous (PubMed=12615714; Cosmic-CLP; DepMap).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 583; APC; Simple; p.Arg1114Ter (c.3340C>T); ClinVar=VCV000236589; Zygosity=Heterozygous (PubMed=24755471; Cosmic-CLP; DepMap).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 583; APC; Simple; p.Met1431fs*42 (c.4289delC) (p.T1430fs); Zygosity=Heterozygous (PubMed=24755471; Cosmic-CLP; DepMap).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 583; APC; Simple; p.Arg2816Gln (c.8447G>A); ClinVar=VCV000419681; Zygosity=Heterozygous (PubMed=24755471; Cosmic-CLP; DepMap).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 914; B2M; Simple; p.Leu15Phefs*41 (c.43_44delCT); Zygosity=Heterozygous (PubMed=8197130; Cosmic-CLP; DepMap).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 16712; FBXW7; Simple; p.Arg505Cys (c.1513C>T); ClinVar=VCV000069961; Zygosity=Heterozygous (Cosmic-CLP; DepMap).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 6407; KRAS; Simple; p.Gly13Asp (c.38G>A); ClinVar=VCV000012580; Zygosity=Heterozygous (PubMed=12068308; PubMed=20570890; PubMed=24755471; PubMed=28683746; Cosmic-CLP; DepMap).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 6768; SMAD2; Simple; p.Ala292Val (c.875C>T); Zygosity=Heterozygous (PubMed=24755471; Cosmic-CLP; DepMap).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 11773; TGFBR2; Simple; p.Lys128Serfs*35 (c.383delA); ClinVar=VCV000477546; Zygosity=Homozygous (PubMed=12615714).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 11998; TP53; None_reported; -; Zygosity=- (PubMed=9715273; PubMed=15900046; PubMed=16418264).
CC   Omics: CRISPR phenotypic screen.
CC   Omics: Deep exome analysis.
CC   Omics: Deep proteome analysis.
CC   Omics: Deep quantitative phosphoproteome analysis.
CC   Omics: Deep quantitative proteome analysis.
CC   Omics: DNA methylation analysis.
CC   Omics: miRNA expression profiling.
CC   Omics: N-glycan profiling.
CC   Omics: Protein expression by reverse-phase protein arrays.
CC   Omics: shRNA library screening.
CC   Omics: SNP array analysis.
CC   Omics: Transcriptome analysis by microarray.
CC   Omics: Transcriptome analysis by RNAseq.
CC   Genome ancestry: African=0%; Native American=0%; East Asian, North=0%; East Asian, South=0%; South Asian=0.96%; European, North=71.69%; European, South=27.34% (PubMed=30894373).
CC   Discontinued: TKG; TKG 0344; probable.
CC   Derived from site: Metastatic; Left supraclavicular lymph node; UBERON=UBERON_8480056.
ST   Source(s): AddexBio; ATCC; CCRID; CLS; Cosmic-CLP; DSMZ; ECACC; JCRB; KCLB; PubMed=11416159; PubMed=15771911; PubMed=25877200; PubMed=25926053; RCB
ST   Amelogenin: X,Y
ST   CSF1PO: 10,11,13,14 (AddexBio; CCRID; CLS; PubMed=25877200)
ST   CSF1PO: 10,14 (KCLB)
ST   CSF1PO: 11,12,13 (RCB)
ST   CSF1PO: 11,12,13,14,15 (DSMZ)
ST   CSF1PO: 11,13,14 (ATCC; ECACC; JCRB; PubMed=25926053)
ST   CSF1PO: 11,14 (Cosmic-CLP)
ST   D13S317: 8,11
ST   D16S539: 9,11,12 (DSMZ)
ST   D16S539: 9,12 (AddexBio; ATCC; CCRID; CLS; Cosmic-CLP; ECACC; JCRB; PubMed=15771911; PubMed=25877200; PubMed=25926053; RCB)
ST   D18S51: 13,17,18 (DSMZ; PubMed=11416159)
ST   D18S51: 13,18 (CCRID; CLS; PubMed=15771911; PubMed=25877200)
ST   D19S433: 14,15 (CCRID; DSMZ; PubMed=25877200)
ST   D19S433: 15 (PubMed=15771911)
ST   D21S11: 29,31.2 (CCRID; DSMZ; PubMed=15771911; PubMed=25877200; PubMed=25926053)
ST   D21S11: 29,31.2,32.2 (CLS)
ST   D2S1338: 16,17,18 (DSMZ; PubMed=15771911)
ST   D2S1338: 17,18 (CCRID; PubMed=25877200)
ST   D3S1358: 14,16 (PubMed=15771911)
ST   D3S1358: 14,16,17,18 (CCRID)
ST   D3S1358: 14,16,17 (DSMZ)
ST   D3S1358: 14,17 (PubMed=25877200_130903)
ST   D3S1358: 14,18 (KCLB; PubMed=25877200_584429)
ST   D5S818: 11,12,13 (AddexBio; ATCC; DSMZ; JCRB; PubMed=25926053; RCB)
ST   D5S818: 11,13 (CCRID; CLS; Cosmic-CLP; ECACC; KCLB; PubMed=25877200)
ST   D7S820: 9.3,10,11 (AddexBio; ATCC; CCRID; DSMZ; PubMed=25877200; PubMed=25926053)
ST   D7S820: 10,11 (CLS; Cosmic-CLP; ECACC; JCRB; KCLB; RCB)
ST   D8S1179: 9,10 (DSMZ; PubMed=15771911)
ST   D8S1179: 10 (CCRID; PubMed=25877200)
ST   FGA: 18,19,20 (DSMZ; PubMed=15771911)
ST   FGA: 18,20 (CCRID; CLS; PubMed=11416159; PubMed=25877200)
ST   Penta D: 9,10,14 (CLS)
ST   Penta D: 10,14 (DSMZ; PubMed=25877200)
ST   Penta E: 9,16 (DSMZ)
ST   Penta E: 10,16 (CLS; PubMed=25877200)
ST   SE33: 19.2,20.2,25.2
ST   TH01: 9.3
ST   TPOX: 8,9
ST   vWA: 16,17,18,19 (DSMZ)
ST   vWA: 17,18 (AddexBio; ATCC; CCRID; CLS; Cosmic-CLP; ECACC; JCRB; KCLB; PubMed=11416159; PubMed=25877200; PubMed=25926053; RCB)
ST   vWA: 17,19 (PubMed=15771911)
DI   NCIt; C4349; Colon adenocarcinoma
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606; ! Homo sapiens (Human)
SX   Male
AG   56Y
CA   Cancer cell line
DT   Created: 04-04-12; Last updated: 30-01-24; Version: 46
//
RX   PubMed=1260746;
RA   Drewinko B., Romsdahl M.M., Yang L.Y., Ahearn M.J., Trujillo J.M.;
RT   "Establishment of a human carcinoembryonic antigen-producing colon
RT   adenocarcinoma cell line.";
RL   Cancer Res. 36:467-475(1976).
//
RX   PubMed=3335022;
RA   Alley M.C., Scudiero D.A., Monks A., Hursey M.L., Czerwinski M.J.,
RA   Fine D.L., Abbott B.J., Mayo J.G., Shoemaker R.H., Boyd M.R.;
RT   "Feasibility of drug screening with panels of human tumor cell lines
RT   using a microculture tetrazolium assay.";
RL   Cancer Res. 48:589-601(1988).
//
RX   PubMed=7104989; DOI=10.1016/0165-4608(82)90076-0;
RA   Chen T.-R., Hay R.J., Macy M.L.;
RT   "Karyotype consistency in human colorectal carcinoma cell lines
RT   established in vitro.";
RL   Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 6:93-117(1982).
//
RX   PubMed=7651727;
RA   Kastrinakis W.V., Ramchurren N., Rieger K.M., Hess D.T., Loda M.,
RA   Steele G., Summerhayes I.C.;
RT   "Increased incidence of p53 mutations is associated with hepatic
RT   metastasis in colorectal neoplastic progression.";
RL   Oncogene 11:647-652(1995).
//
RX   PubMed=8197130; DOI=10.1073/pnas.91.11.4751;
RA   Bicknell D.C., Rowan A.J., Bodmer W.F.;
RT   "Beta 2-microglobulin gene mutations: a study of established
RT   colorectal cell lines and fresh tumors.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:4751-4755(1994).
//
RX   PubMed=8464898; DOI=10.1073/pnas.90.7.2842;
RA   Browning M.J., Krausa P., Rowan A.J., Bicknell D.C., Bodmer J.G.,
RA   Bodmer W.F.;
RT   "Tissue typing the HLA-A locus from genomic DNA by sequence-specific
RT   PCR: comparison of HLA genotype and surface expression on colorectal
RT   tumor cell lines.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:2842-2845(1993).
//
RX   PubMed=9000147;
RA   Cottu P.H., Muzeau F., Estreicher A., Flejou J.-F., Iggo R.D.,
RA   Thomas G., Hamelin R.;
RT   "Inverse correlation between RER+ status and p53 mutation in
RT   colorectal cancer cell lines.";
RL   Oncogene 13:2727-2730(1996).
//
RX   PubMed=9000572;
RA   Hoang J.-M., Cottu P.H., Thuille B., Salmon R.J., Thomas G.,
RA   Hamelin R.;
RT   "BAT-26, an indicator of the replication error phenotype in colorectal
RT   cancers and cell lines.";
RL   Cancer Res. 57:300-303(1997).
//
RX   PubMed=9290701; DOI=10.1002/(SICI)1098-2744(199708)19:4<243::AID-MC5>3.0.CO;2-D;
RA   Jia L.-Q., Osada M., Ishioka C., Gamo M., Ikawa S., Suzuki T.,
RA   Shimodaira H., Niitani T., Kudo T., Akiyama M., Kimura N., Matsuo M.,
RA   Mizusawa H., Tanaka N., Koyama H., Namba M., Kanamaru R., Kuroki T.;
RT   "Screening the p53 status of human cell lines using a yeast functional
RT   assay.";
RL   Mol. Carcinog. 19:243-253(1997).
//
RX   PubMed=9294210; DOI=10.1073/pnas.94.19.10330;
RA   Ilyas M., Tomlinson I.P.M., Rowan A.J., Pignatelli M., Bodmer W.F.;
RT   "Beta-catenin mutations in cell lines established from human
RT   colorectal cancers.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94:10330-10334(1997).
//
RX   PubMed=9515795;
RA   Sparks A.B., Morin P.J., Vogelstein B., Kinzler K.W.;
RT   "Mutational analysis of the APC/beta-catenin/Tcf pathway in colorectal
RT   cancer.";
RL   Cancer Res. 58:1130-1134(1998).
//
RX   PubMed=9715273; DOI=10.1038/sj.onc.1201986;
RA   Eshleman J.R., Casey G., Kochera M.E., Sedwick W.D., Swinler S.E.,
RA   Veigl M.L., Willson J.K.V., Schwartz S., Markowitz S.D.;
RT   "Chromosome number and structure both are markedly stable in RER
RT   colorectal cancers and are not destabilized by mutation of p53.";
RL   Oncogene 17:719-725(1998).
//
RX   PubMed=10612807; DOI=10.1002/(SICI)1098-2264(200002)27:2<183::AID-GCC10>3.0.CO;2-P;
RA   Ghadimi B.M., Sackett D.L., Difilippantonio M.J., Schrock E.,
RA   Neumann T., Jauho A., Auer G., Ried T.;
RT   "Centrosome amplification and instability occurs exclusively in
RT   aneuploid, but not in diploid colorectal cancer cell lines, and
RT   correlates with numerical chromosomal aberrations.";
RL   Genes Chromosomes Cancer 27:183-190(2000).
//
RX   PubMed=10674020; DOI=10.1016/S0959-8049(99)00206-3;
RA   Ku J.-L., Yoon K.-A., Kim D.-Y., Park J.-G.;
RT   "Mutations in hMSH6 alone are not sufficient to cause the
RT   microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer cell lines.";
RL   Eur. J. Cancer 35:1724-1729(1999).
//
RX   PubMed=10737795; DOI=10.1073/pnas.97.7.3352;
RA   Rowan A.J., Lamlum H., Ilyas M., Wheeler J., Straub J.,
RA   Papadopoulou A., Bicknell D.C., Bodmer W.F., Tomlinson I.P.M.;
RT   "APC mutations in sporadic colorectal tumors: a mutational 'hotspot'
RT   and interdependence of the 'two hits'.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97:3352-3357(2000).
//
RX   PubMed=11226274; DOI=10.1073/pnas.041603298;
RA   Abdel-Rahman W.M., Katsura K., Rens W., Gorman P.A., Sheer D.,
RA   Bicknell D.C., Bodmer W.F., Arends M.J., Wyllie A.H., Edwards P.A.W.;
RT   "Spectral karyotyping suggests additional subsets of colorectal
RT   cancers characterized by pattern of chromosome rearrangement.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:2538-2543(2001).
//
RX   PubMed=11314036; DOI=10.1038/sj.onc.1204211;
RA   Forgacs E., Wren J.D., Kamibayashi C., Kondo M., Xu X.L.,
RA   Markowitz S.D., Tomlinson G.E., Muller C.Y., Gazdar A.F., Garner H.R.,
RA   Minna J.D.;
RT   "Searching for microsatellite mutations in coding regions in lung,
RT   breast, ovarian and colorectal cancers.";
RL   Oncogene 20:1005-1009(2001).
//
RX   PubMed=11414198; DOI=10.1007/s004320000207;
RA   Lahm H., Andre S., Hoeflich A., Fischer J.R., Sordat B., Kaltner H.,
RA   Wolf E., Gabius H.-J.;
RT   "Comprehensive galectin fingerprinting in a panel of 61 human tumor
RT   cell lines by RT-PCR and its implications for diagnostic and
RT   therapeutic procedures.";
RL   J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 127:375-386(2001).
//
RX   PubMed=11416159; DOI=10.1073/pnas.121616198;
RA   Masters J.R.W., Thomson J.A., Daly-Burns B., Reid Y.A., Dirks W.G.,
RA   Packer P., Toji L.H., Ohno T., Tanabe H., Arlett C.F., Kelland L.R.,
RA   Harrison M., Virmani A.K., Ward T.H., Ayres K.L., Debenham P.G.;
RT   "Short tandem repeat profiling provides an international reference
RT   standard for human cell lines.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:8012-8017(2001).
//
RX   PubMed=11526487; DOI=10.1038/sj.onc.1204611;
RA   Gayet J., Zhou X.-P., Duval A., Rolland S., Hoang J.-M., Cottu P.H.,
RA   Hamelin R.;
RT   "Extensive characterization of genetic alterations in a series of
RT   human colorectal cancer cell lines.";
RL   Oncogene 20:5025-5032(2001).
//
RX   PubMed=11668190; DOI=10.1177/002215540104901105;
RA   Quentmeier H., Osborn M., Reinhardt J., Zaborski M., Drexler H.G.;
RT   "Immunocytochemical analysis of cell lines derived from solid
RT   tumors.";
RL   J. Histochem. Cytochem. 49:1369-1378(2001).
//
RX   PubMed=12068308; DOI=10.1038/nature00766;
RA   Davies H., Bignell G.R., Cox C., Stephens P.J., Edkins S., Clegg S.,
RA   Teague J.W., Woffendin H., Garnett M.J., Bottomley W., Davis N.,
RA   Dicks E., Ewing R., Floyd Y., Gray K., Hall S., Hawes R., Hughes J.,
RA   Kosmidou V., Menzies A., Mould C., Parker A., Stevens C., Watt S.,
RA   Hooper S., Wilson R., Jayatilake H., Gusterson B.A., Cooper C.S.,
RA   Shipley J.M., Hargrave D., Pritchard-Jones K., Maitland N.J.,
RA   Chenevix-Trench G., Riggins G.J., Bigner D.D., Palmieri G., Cossu A.,
RA   Flanagan A.M., Nicholson A., Ho J.W.C., Leung S.Y., Yuen S.T.,
RA   Weber B.L., Seigler H.F., Darrow T.L., Paterson H.F., Marais R.,
RA   Marshall C.J., Wooster R., Stratton M.R., Futreal P.A.;
RT   "Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer.";
RL   Nature 417:949-954(2002).
//
RX   PubMed=12584437; DOI=10.1159/000068544;
RA   Melcher R., Koehler S., Steinlein C., Schmid M., Mueller C.R.,
RA   Luehrs H., Menzel T., Scheppach W., Moerk H., Scheurlen M.,
RA   Koehrle J., Al-Taie O.;
RT   "Spectral karyotype analysis of colon cancer cell lines of the tumor
RT   suppressor and mutator pathway.";
RL   Cytogenet. Genome Res. 98:22-28(2002).
//
RX   PubMed=12615714;
RA   Hempen P.M., Zhang L., Bansal R.K., Iacobuzio-Donahue C.A.,
RA   Murphy K.M., Maitra A., Vogelstein B., Whitehead R.H., Markowitz S.D.,
RA   Willson J.K.V., Yeo C.J., Hruban R.H., Kern S.E.;
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