ID   CHO-DG44
AC   CVCL_7180
SY   CHO DG44; CHO-DG44 (DHFR-); CHO DG-44; DG-44; DG44
DR   Lonza; 467
DR   Lonza; 468
DR   NCBI_Iran; C576
DR   TOKU-E; 3678
DR   Wikidata; Q54812671
RX   DOI=10.1007/978-1-4020-5476-1_59;
RX   DOI=10.3390/pr1030296;
RX   DOI=10.3390/pr5020020;
RX   PubMed=6305508;
RX   PubMed=16403443;
RX   PubMed=21345355;
RX   PubMed=23873082;
RX   PubMed=28876938;
RX   PubMed=29987698;
RX   PubMed=32619503;
RX   PubMed=32985598;
RX   PubMed=34050613;
WW   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_hamster_ovary_cell
WW   https://www.thermofisher.com/ch/en/home/technical-resources/cell-lines/c/cell-lines-detail-404.html
CC   Characteristics: Lacks both copies of the Dhfr gene.
CC   Selected for resistance to: ChEBI; CHEBI:44185; Methotrexate (MTX).
CC   Transformant: NCIt; C129640; Cobalt-60 gamma radiation.
CC   Omics: Deep proteome analysis.
CC   Omics: Genome sequenced.
CC   Derived from site: In situ; Ovary; UBERON=UBERON_0000992.
CC   Cell type: Epithelial cell of ovary; CL=CL_2000064.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=10029; ! Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)
HI   CVCL_7182 ! CHO Pro-3
SX   Female
AG   Adult
CA   Spontaneously immortalized cell line
DT   Created: 04-04-12; Last updated: 30-01-24; Version: 26
//
RX   DOI=10.1007/978-1-4020-5476-1_59;
RA   Martinet D., Derouazi M., Besuchet-Schmutz N., Wicht M., Beckmann J.S.,
RA   Wurm F.M.;
RT   "Karyotype of CHO DG44 cells.";
RL   (In) Cell technology for cell products; Smith R. (eds.); pp.363-366; Springer; Dordrecht (2007).
//
RX   DOI=10.3390/pr1030296;
RA   Wurm F.M.;
RT   "CHO quasispecies -- implications for manufacturing processes.";
RL   Processes 1:296-311(2013).
//
RX   DOI=10.3390/pr5020020;
RA   Wurm F.M., Wurm M.J.;
RT   "Cloning of CHO cells, productivity and genetic stability -- a
RT   discussion.";
RL   Processes 5:20.1-20.13(2017).
//
RX   PubMed=6305508; DOI=10.1016/0092-8674(83)90422-1;
RA   Urlaub G., Kas E., Carothers A.M., Chasin L.A.;
RT   "Deletion of the diploid dihydrofolate reductase locus from cultured
RT   mammalian cells.";
RL   Cell 33:405-412(1983).
//
RX   PubMed=16403443; DOI=10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.12.111;
RA   Derouazi M., Martinet D., Besuchet-Schmutz N., Flaction R., Wicht M.,
RA   Bertschinger M., Hacker D.L., Beckmann J.S., Wurm F.M.;
RT   "Genetic characterization of CHO production host DG44 and derivative
RT   recombinant cell lines.";
RL   Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 340:1069-1077(2006).
//
RX   PubMed=21345355; DOI=10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.02.002;
RA   Florin L., Lipske C., Becker E., Kaufmann H.;
RT   "Supplementation of serum free media with HT is not sufficient to
RT   restore growth properties of DHFR-/- cells in fed-batch processes --
RT   implications for designing novel CHO-based expression platforms.";
RL   J. Biotechnol. 152:189-193(2011).
//
RX   PubMed=23873082; DOI=10.1038/nbt.2624;
RA   Lewis N.E., Liu X., Li Y.-X., Nagarajan H., Yerganian G., O'Brien E.,
RA   Bordbar A., Roth A.M., Rosenbloom J., Bian C., Xie M., Chen W.-B.,
RA   Li N., Baycin-Hizal D., Latif H., Forster J., Betenbaugh M.J.,
RA   Famili I., Xu X., Wang J., Palsson B.O.;
RT   "Genomic landscapes of Chinese hamster ovary cell lines as revealed by
RT   the Cricetulus griseus draft genome.";
RL   Nat. Biotechnol. 31:759-765(2013).
//
RX   PubMed=28876938; DOI=10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00382;
RA   Heffner K.M., Baycin-Hizal D., Yerganian G., Kumar A., Can O.,
RA   O'Meally R.N., Cole R.N., Chaerkady R., Wu H., Bowen M.A.,
RA   Betenbaugh M.J.;
RT   "Lessons from the hamster: Cricetulus griseus tissue and CHO cell line
RT   proteome comparison.";
RL   J. Proteome Res. 16:3672-3687(2017).
//
RX   PubMed=29987698; DOI=10.1007/s10616-018-0233-5;
RA   Kimura S., Omasa T.;
RT   "Genome sequence comparison between Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) DG44
RT   cells and mouse using end sequences of CHO BAC clones based on
RT   BAC-FISH results.";
RL   Cytotechnology 70:1399-1407(2018).
//
RX   PubMed=32619503; DOI=10.1016/j.ymben.2020.06.002;
RA   Szeliova D., Ruckerbauer D.E., Galleguillos S.N., Petersen L.B.,
RA   Natter K., Hanscho M., Troyer C., Causon T., Schoeny H.,
RA   Christensen H.B., Lee D.-Y., Lewis N.E., Koellensperger G., Hann S.,
RA   Nielsen L.K., Borth N., Zanghellini J.;
RT   "What CHO is made of: variations in the biomass composition of Chinese
RT   hamster ovary cell lines.";
RL   Metab. Eng. 61:288-300(2020).
//
RX   PubMed=32985598; DOI=10.1038/s41598-020-72959-8;
RA   Heffner K.M., Baycin-Hizal D., Majewska N.I., Kumar S., Dhara V.G.,
RA   Zhu J., Bowen M.A., Hatton D., Yerganian G., Yerganian A.,
RA   O'Meally R.N., Cole R.N., Betenbaugh M.J.;
RT   "Expanded Chinese hamster organ and cell line proteomics profiling
RT   reveals tissue-specific functionalities.";
RL   Sci. Rep. 10:15841-15841(2020).
//
RX   PubMed=34050613; DOI=10.1002/biot.202100165;
RA   Wurm M.J., Wurm F.M.;
RT   "Naming CHO cells for bio-manufacturing: genome plasticity and variant
RT   phenotypes of cell populations in bioreactors question the relevance
RT   of old names.";
RL   Biotechnol. J. 16:e2100165.1-e2100165.13(2021).
//