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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot variant pages

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q14376: Variant p.Leu313Met

UDP-glucose 4-epimerase
Gene: GALE
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Variant information Variant position: help 313 The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.
Type of variant: help LP/P [Disclaimer] The variants are classified into three categories: LP/P, LB/B and US.
  • LP/P: likely pathogenic or pathogenic.
  • LB/B: likely benign or benign.
  • US: uncertain significance
Residue change: help From Leucine (L) to Methionine (M) at position 313 (L313M, p.Leu313Met). Indicates the amino acid change of the variant. The one-letter and three-letter codes for amino acids used in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot are those adopted by the commission on Biochemical Nomenclature of the IUPAC-IUB.
Physico-chemical properties: help Similar physico-chemical property. Both residues are medium size and hydrophobic. The physico-chemical property of the reference and variant residues and the change implicated.
BLOSUM score: help 2 The score within a Blosum matrix for the corresponding wild-type to variant amino acid change. The log-odds score measures the logarithm for the ratio of the likelihood of two amino acids appearing by chance. The Blosum62 substitution matrix is used. This substitution matrix contains scores for all possible exchanges of one amino acid with another:
  • Lowest score: -4 (low probability of substitution).
  • Highest score: 11 (high probability of substitution).
More information can be found on the following page
Variant description: help In GALAC3; 6-fold decrease in UDP-galactose epimerization activity; very mild decrease in activity towards UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine. Any additional useful information about the variant.
Other resources: help Links to websites of interest for the variant.


Sequence information Variant position: help 313 The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.
Protein sequence length: help 348 The length of the canonical sequence.
Location on the sequence: help PYKVVARREGDVAACYANPS L AQEELGWTAALGLDRMCEDL The residue change on the sequence. Unless the variant is located at the beginning or at the end of the protein sequence, both residues upstream (20) and downstream (20) of the variant will be shown.
Residue conservation: help The multiple alignment of the region surrounding the variant against various orthologous sequences. 
Human                         PYKVVARREGDVAACYANPSLAQEELGWTAALGLDRMCEDL

Mouse                         PYKVVARREGDVAACYANPSLAHEELGWTAALGLDRMCEDL

Rat                           PYKVVARREGDVAACYANPSLAHEELGWTAALGLDRMCEDL

Bovine                        PYKVVARREGDVAACYANPSLALKELGWSAALGLDRMCEDL

Caenorhabditis elegans        PVKIGVPRPGDVASVYCDPSLAQEKLGWRAETGLEEMCADL

Drosophila                    NYTLVDRRSGDVATCYADATLADKKLGWKAERGIDKMCEDT

Slime mold                    PYQIVSRRKGDVASSFADPSKALKELGWKATHNQDDMCRDA
Sequence annotation in neighborhood: help The regions or sites of interest surrounding the variant. In general the features listed are posttranslational modifications, binding sites, enzyme active sites, local secondary structure or other characteristics reported in the cited references. The "Sequence annotation in neighborhood" lines have a fixed format:
  • Type: the type of sequence feature.
  • Positions: endpoints of the sequence feature.
  • Description: contains additional information about the feature.
TypePositionsDescription
Chain 1 – 348 UDP-glucose 4-epimerase
Mutagenesis 307 – 307 C -> Y. No effect on activity towards UDP-galactose. Loss of activity towards UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine.
Helix 312 – 316



Literature citations
Human UDP-galactose 4'epimerase (GALE) gene and identification of five missense mutations in patients with epimerase deficiency galactosemia.
Maceratesi P.; Daude N.; Dallapiccola B.; Novelli G.; Allen R.; Okano Y.; Reichardt J.K.V.;
Mol. Genet. Metab. 63:26-30(1998)
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]; VARIANTS GALAC3 GLU-90; GLY-103; ARG-257; MET-313 AND GLU-319; Identification and characterization of a mutation, in the human UDP-galactose-4-epimerase gene, associated with generalized epimerase-deficiency galactosemia.
Wohlers T.M.; Christacos N.C.; Harreman M.T.; Fridovich-Keil J.L.;
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 64:462-470(1999)
Cited for: VARIANT GALAC3 MET-94; CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS GALAC3 GLU-90; MET-94; GLY-103 AND MET-313; A PCR-based method for detecting known mutations in the human UDP galactose-4'-epimerase gene associated with epimerase-deficiency galactosemia.
Henderson J.M.; Huguenin S.M.; Cowan T.M.; Fridovich-Keil J.L.;
Clin. Genet. 60:350-355(2001)
Cited for: VARIANTS GALAC3 SER-34; GLU-90; MET-94; GLY-103; PRO-183; ARG-257; MET-313; GLU-319 AND HIS-335; Functional analysis of disease-causing mutations in human UDP-galactose 4-epimerase.
Timson D.J.;
FEBS J. 272:6170-6177(2005)
Cited for: BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS GALAC3 SER-34; GLU-90; MET-94; GLY-103; PRO-183; ARG-257; MET-313; GLU-319 AND HIS-335; SUBUNIT;
Disclaimer: Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. They are not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnostic, treatment or care.