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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P78363: Variant p.Arg212Cys

Retinal-specific phospholipid-transporting ATPase ABCA4
Gene: ABCA4
Variant information

Variant position:  212
The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.

Type of variant:  Disease [Disclaimer]
The variants are classified into three categories: Disease, Polymorphism and Unclassified.
  • Disease: Variants implicated in disease according to literature reports.
  • Polymorphism: Variants not reported to be implicated in disease.
  • Unclassified: Variants with uncertain implication in disease according to literature reports. Evidence against or in favor of a pathogenic role is limited and/or conflicting.

Residue change:  From Arginine (R) to Cysteine (C) at position 212 (R212C, p.Arg212Cys).
Indicates the amino acid change of the variant. The one-letter and three-letter codes for amino acids used in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot are those adopted by the commission on Biochemical Nomenclature of the IUPAC-IUB.

Physico-chemical properties:  Change from large size and basic (R) to medium size and polar (C)
The physico-chemical property of the reference and variant residues and the change implicated.

BLOSUM score:  -3
The score within a Blosum matrix for the corresponding wild-type to variant amino acid change. The log-odds score measures the logarithm for the ratio of the likelihood of two amino acids appearing by chance. The Blosum62 substitution matrix is used. This substitution matrix contains scores for all possible exchanges of one amino acid with another:
  • Lowest score: -4 (low probability of substitution).
  • Highest score: 11 (high probability of substitution).
More information can be found on the following page

Involvement in disease:  Cone-rod dystrophy 3 (CORD3) [MIM:604116]: An inherited retinal dystrophy characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination, predominantly in the macular region, and initial loss of cone photoreceptors followed by rod degeneration. This leads to decreased visual acuity and sensitivity in the central visual field, followed by loss of peripheral vision. Severe loss of vision occurs earlier than in retinitis pigmentosa, due to cone photoreceptors degenerating at a higher rate than rod photoreceptors. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10958761, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11385708, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11527935}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
The name and a short description of the disease associated with the variant. For more information about the disease, the user can refer to OMIM, following the link provided after the disease acronym.

Involvement in disease:  Stargardt disease 1 (STGD1) [MIM:248200]: A common hereditary macular degeneration. It is characterized by decreased central vision, atrophy of the macula and underlying retinal pigment epithelium, and frequent presence of prominent flecks in the posterior pole of the retina. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10090887, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10206579, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10612508, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10634594, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10711710, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10746567, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10958763, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11328725, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11385708, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11527935, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11594993, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18977788, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24097981, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24444108, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9054934, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9490294, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9503029, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9781034, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9973280}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
The name and a short description of the disease associated with the variant. For more information about the disease, the user can refer to OMIM, following the link provided after the disease acronym.

Variant description:  In STGD1 and CORD3; common mutation in southern Europe; reduced ATP-binding capacity.
Any additional useful information about the variant.

Other resources:  
Links to websites of interest for the variant.



Sequence information

Variant position:  212
The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.

Protein sequence length:  2273
The length of the canonical sequence.

Location on the sequence:   AHGVPDLALKDIACSEALLE  R FIIFSQRRGAKTVRYALCSL
The residue change on the sequence. Unless the variant is located at the beginning or at the end of the protein sequence, both residues upstream (20) and downstream (20) of the variant will be shown.

Residue conservation: 
The multiple alignment of the region surrounding the variant against various orthologous sequences.

Human                         AHGVPDLALKDIACSEALLERFIIFSQRRGAKTVRYALCSL

Mouse                         AYGVPDLELTDIACSEALLQRFIIFSQRRGAQTVRDALCPL

Slime mold                    AF--------DIAHTKQLL----------------------

Sequence annotation in neighborhood:  
The regions or sites of interest surrounding the variant. In general the features listed are posttranslational modifications, binding sites, enzyme active sites, local secondary structure or other characteristics reported in the cited references. The "Sequence annotation in neighborhood" lines have a fixed format:
  • Type: the type of sequence feature.
  • Positions: endpoints of the sequence feature.
  • Description: contains additional information about the feature.

TypePositionsDescription
Chain 1 – 2273 Retinal-specific phospholipid-transporting ATPase ABCA4
Topological domain 43 – 646 Extracellular
Disulfide bond 75 – 324


Literature citations

Complete exon-intron structure of the retina-specific ATP binding transporter gene (ABCR) allows the identification of novel mutations underlying Stargardt disease.
Gerber S.; Rozet J.-M.; van de Pol T.J.R.; Hoyng C.B.; Munnich A.; Blankenagel A.; Kaplan J.; Cremers F.P.M.;
Genomics 48:139-142(1998)
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]; VARIANTS STGD1 TRP-18 AND CYS-212; VARIANT ASP-1817;

Spectrum of ABCR gene mutations in autosomal recessive macular dystrophies.
Rozet J.-M.; Gerber S.; Souied E.; Perrault I.; Chatelin S.; Ghazi I.; Leowski C.; Dufier J.-L.; Munnich A.; Kaplan J.;
Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 6:291-295(1998)
Cited for: VARIANTS STGD1 TRP-18; CYS-212; HIS-636; MET-1019; VAL-1038; CYS-1108; TRP-1640; SER-1977 AND HIS-2107; VARIANTS FFM PRO-11; PRO-541; VAL-1038; GLU-1091; CYS-1508; PHE-1970 AND ARG-1971;

A comprehensive survey of sequence variation in the ABCA4 (ABCR) gene in Stargardt disease and age-related macular degeneration.
Rivera A.; White K.; Stoehr H.; Steiner K.; Hemmrich N.; Grimm T.; Jurklies B.; Lorenz B.; Scholl H.P.N.; Apfelstedt-Sylla E.; Weber B.H.F.;
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 67:800-813(2000)
Cited for: VARIANTS STGD1 GLU-60; THR-60; GLU-65; LEU-68; ARG-72; CYS-212; SER-230; SER-247; VAL-328; LYS-471; PRO-541; GLN-572; ARG-607; LYS-635; CYS-653; TYR-764; ARG-765; ALA-901; ILE-959; LYS-1036; VAL-1038; PRO-1063; ASP-1087; CYS-1097; CYS-1108; LEU-1380; LYS-1399; PRO-1430; VAL-1440; HIS-1443; LEU-1486; TYR-1488; MET-1537; PRO-1689; LEU-1705; THR-1733; ARG-1748; PRO-1763; LYS-1885; HIS-1898; GLU-1961; ARG-1975; SER-1977; GLY-2077; TRP-2077 AND VAL-2241; VARIANTS GLN-152; HIS-212; ARG-423; ILE-552; ARG-914; GLN-943; THR-1562; ILE-1868; MET-1921; LEU-1948; PHE-1970; ALA-2059; ASN-2177 AND VAL-2216;

Mutations in the ABCA4 (ABCR) gene are the major cause of autosomal recessive cone-rod dystrophy.
Maugeri A.; Klevering B.J.; Rohrschneider K.; Blankenagel A.; Brunner H.G.; Deutman A.F.; Hoyng C.B.; Cremers F.P.M.;
Am. J. Hum. Genet. 67:960-966(2000)
Cited for: VARIANTS CORD3 GLU-65; CYS-212; PRO-541; ALA-863; GLY-863 DEL; VAL-1038; LYS-1122; TYR-1490 AND ASP-1598;

New ABCR mutations and clinical phenotype in Italian patients with Stargardt disease.
Simonelli F.; Testa F.; de Crecchio G.; Rinaldi E.; Hutchinson A.; Atkinson A.; Dean M.; D'Urso M.; Allikmets R.;
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 41:892-897(2000)
Cited for: VARIANTS STGD1 CYS-212; ASP-767; ILE-897; VAL-1038; LYS-1087; LYS-1399; GLN-1640 AND GLU-1961; VARIANT HIS-212;

Spectrum of ABCA4 (ABCR) gene mutations in Spanish patients with autosomal recessive macular dystrophies.
Paloma E.; Martinez-Mir A.; Vilageliu L.; Gonzalez-Duarte R.; Balcells S.;
Hum. Mutat. 17:504-510(2001)
Cited for: VARIANTS STGD1 SER-686; TRP-1055; ASP-1799; ASP-1805; PRO-1940 AND HIS-2107; VARIANTS FFM MET-1253 AND PRO-1940; VARIANTS CORD3 CYS-212 AND ARG-2060; VARIANTS GLN-943; LEU-1948 AND ILE-2255;

Frequency of ABCA4 mutations in 278 Spanish controls: an insight into the prevalence of autosomal recessive Stargardt disease.
Riveiro-Alvarez R.; Aguirre-Lamban J.; Lopez-Martinez M.A.; Trujillo-Tiebas M.J.; Cantalapiedra D.; Vallespin E.; Avila-Fernandez A.; Ramos C.; Ayuso C.;
Br. J. Ophthalmol. 93:1359-1364(2009)
Cited for: VARIANTS STGD1 VAL-156; CYS-212; LYS-380; ARG-550; PRO-572; TRP-602; ARG-607; CYS-653; ASP-767; ILE-897; ALA-901; MET-931; SER-965; MET-1019; HIS-1108; LEU-1129; LEU-1380; ILE-1433; LEU-1486; TYR-1490; GLN-1640; TRP-1640; ARG-1748; ASP-1799; PRO-1940; GLU-1961; SER-1977; PHE-2027; ARG-2060; HIS-2107; TYR-2150 AND VAL-2241;

Disclaimer: Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. They are not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnostic, treatment or care.