UniProtKB/SwissProt variant VAR

Variant information

Variant position:

42

The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.

Type of variant:

Disease [Disclaimer]

The variants are classified into three categories: Disease, Polymorphism and Unclassified.

Disease: Variants implicated in disease according to literature reports.
Polymorphism: Variants not reported to be implicated in disease.
Unclassified: Variants with uncertain implication in disease according to literature reports. Evidence against or in favor of a pathogenic role is limited and/or conflicting.

Residue change:

From Isoleucine (I) to Serine (S) at position 42 (I42S, p.Ile42Ser).

Indicates the amino acid change of the variant. The one-letter and three-letter codes for amino acids used in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot are those adopted by the commission on Biochemical Nomenclature of the IUPAC-IUB.

Physico-chemical properties:

Change from medium size and hydrophobic (I) to small size and polar (S)

The physico-chemical property of the reference and variant residues and the change implicated.

BLOSUM score:

-2

The score within a Blosum matrix for the corresponding wild-type to variant amino acid change. The log-odds score measures the logarithm for the ratio of the likelihood of two amino acids appearing by chance. The Blosum62 substitution matrix is used. This substitution matrix contains scores for all possible exchanges of one amino acid with another:

Lowest score: -4 (low probability of substitution).
Highest score: 11 (high probability of substitution).

More information can be found on the following page

Involvement in disease:

Aniridia 1 (AN1) [MIM:106210]: A congenital, bilateral, panocular disorder characterized by complete absence of the iris or extreme iris hypoplasia. Aniridia is not just an isolated defect in iris development but it is associated with macular and optic nerve hypoplasia, cataract, corneal changes, nystagmus. Visual acuity is generally low but is unrelated to the degree of iris hypoplasia. Glaucoma is a secondary problem causing additional visual loss over time. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10234503, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10737978, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11309364, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11553050, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11826019, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12552561, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12634864, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16493447, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17595013, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21850189, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24033328, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8364574, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9147640, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9281415, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9792406, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9856761, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9931324, ECO:0000269|Ref.27, ECO:0000269|Ref.28}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

The name and a short description of the disease associated with the variant. For more information about the disease, the user can refer to OMIM, following the link provided after the disease acronym.

Variant description:

In AN1; mild.

Any additional useful information about the variant.

Sequence information

Variant position:

42

The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.

Protein sequence length:

422

The length of the canonical sequence.

Location on the sequence:

PDSTRQKIVELAHSGARPCD I SRILQVSNGCVSKILGRYYE

The residue change on the sequence. Unless the variant is located at the beginning or at the end of the protein sequence, both residues upstream (20) and downstream (20) of the variant will be shown.

Residue conservation:

The multiple alignment of the region surrounding the variant against various orthologous sequences.

Human                         PDSTRQKIVELAHSGARPCDISRILQVSNGCVSKILGRYYE

Mouse                         PDSTRQKIVELAHSGARPCDISRILQVSNGCVSKILGRYYE

Rat                           PDSTRQKIVELAHSGARPCDISRILQVSNGCVSKILGRYYE

Bovine                        PDSTRQKIVELAHSGARPCDISRILQVSNGCVSKILGRYYE

Xenopus laevis                PDSTRQKIVELAHSGARPCDISRILQVSNGCVSKILGRYYE

Zebrafish                     PDSTRQKIVELAHSGARPCDISRILQVSNGCVSKILGRYYE

Drosophila                    PDSTRQKIVELAHSGARPCDISRILQVSNGCVSKILGRYYE

Sequence annotation in neighborhood:

The regions or sites of interest surrounding the variant. In general the features listed are posttranslational modifications, binding sites, enzyme active sites, local secondary structure or other characteristics reported in the cited references. The "Sequence annotation in neighborhood" lines have a fixed format:

Type: the type of sequence feature.
Positions: endpoints of the sequence feature.
Description: contains additional information about the feature.

Type	Positions	Description
Chain	1 – 422	Paired box protein Pax-6
DNA binding	4 – 130	Paired
Region	7 – 63	PAI subdomain
Alternative sequence	47 – 47	Q -> QTHADAKVQVLDNQN. In isoform 5a.
Helix	39 – 46

Literature citations

Mutational analysis of PAX6: 16 novel mutations including 5 missense mutations with a mild aniridia phenotype.
Groenskov K.; Rosenberg T.; Sand A.; Broendum-Nielsen K.;
Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 7:274-286(1999)
Cited for: ALTERNATIVE SPLICING; VARIANTS AN1 SER-42; LEU-53; PRO-63; GLU-79 AND GLN-208;

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P26367: Variant p.Ile42Ser