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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O76082: Variant p.Pro478Leu

Solute carrier family 22 member 5
Gene: SLC22A5
Chromosomal location: 5q31
Variant information

Variant position:  478
The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.

Type of variant:  Disease [Disclaimer]
The variants are classified into three categories: Disease, Polymorphism and Unclassified.
  • Disease: Variants implicated in disease according to literature reports.
  • Polymorphism: Variants not reported to be implicated in disease.
  • Unclassified: Variants with uncertain implication in disease according to literature reports. Evidence against or in favor of a pathogenic role is limited and/or conflicting.

Residue change:  From Proline (P) to Leucine (L) at position 478 (P478L, p.Pro478Leu).
Indicates the amino acid change of the variant. The one-letter and three-letter codes for amino acids used in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot are those adopted by the commission on Biochemical Nomenclature of the IUPAC-IUB.

Physico-chemical properties:  Similar physico-chemical property. Both residues are medium size and hydrophobic.
The physico-chemical property of the reference and variant residues and the change implicated.

BLOSUM score:  -3
The score within a Blosum matrix for the corresponding wild-type to variant amino acid change. The log-odds score measures the logarithm for the ratio of the likelihood of two amino acids appearing by chance. The Blosum62 substitution matrix is used. This substitution matrix contains scores for all possible exchanges of one amino acid with another:
  • Lowest score: -4 (low probability of substitution).
  • Highest score: 11 (high probability of substitution).
More information can be found on the following page

Involvement in disease:  Systemic primary carnitine deficiency (CDSP) [MIM:212140]: Autosomal recessive disorder of fatty acid oxidation caused by defective carnitine transport. Present early in life with hypoketotic hypoglycemia and acute metabolic decompensation, or later in life with skeletal myopathy or cardiomyopathy. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10072434, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10425211, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10480371, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10545605, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10559218, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10612840, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10679939, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11058897, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11715001, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15617188, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15714519, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16931768, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17126586, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20027113, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20074989, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20574985, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21922592, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28841266}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
The name and a short description of the disease associated with the variant. For more information about the disease, the user can refer to OMIM, following the link provided after the disease acronym.

Variant description:  In CDSP; loss of carnitine transport but stimulated organic cation transport.
Any additional useful information about the variant.

Other resources:  
Links to websites of interest for the variant.



Sequence information

Variant position:  478
The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.

Protein sequence length:  557
The length of the canonical sequence.

Location on the sequence:   VRNMGVGVSSTASRLGSILS  P YFVYLGAYDRFLPYILMGSL
The residue change on the sequence. Unless the variant is located at the beginning or at the end of the protein sequence, both residues upstream (20) and downstream (20) of the variant will be shown.

Residue conservation: 
The multiple alignment of the region surrounding the variant against various orthologous sequences.

Human                         VRNMGVGVSSTASRLGSILSPYFVYLGAYDRFLPYILMGSL

Mouse                         VRNMGVGVSSTASRLGSILSPYFVYLGAYDRFLPYILMGSL

Rat                           VRNMGVGVSSTASRLGSILSPYFVYLGAYDRFLPYILMGSL

Sequence annotation in neighborhood:  
The regions or sites of interest surrounding the variant. In general the features listed are posttranslational modifications, binding sites, enzyme active sites, local secondary structure or other characteristics reported in the cited references. The "Sequence annotation in neighborhood" lines have a fixed format:
  • Type: the type of sequence feature.
  • Positions: endpoints of the sequence feature.
  • Description: contains additional information about the feature.

TypePositionsDescription
Chain 1 – 557 Solute carrier family 22 member 5
Transmembrane 463 – 483 Helical; Name=11
Modified residue 486 – 486 Phosphotyrosine


Literature citations

Mutations of OCTN2, an organic cation/carnitine transporter, lead to deficient cellular carnitine uptake in primary carnitine deficiency.
Tang N.L.; Ganapathy V.; Wu X.; Hui J.; Seth P.; Yuen P.M.; Wanders R.J.; Fok T.F.; Hjelm N.M.;
Hum. Mol. Genet. 8:655-660(1999)
Cited for: VARIANT CDSP LEU-478;

Mutations in novel organic cation transporter (OCTN2), an organic cation/carnitine transporter, with differential effects on the organic cation transport function and the carnitine transport function.
Seth P.; Wu X.; Huang W.; Leibach F.H.; Ganapathy V.;
J. Biol. Chem. 274:33388-33392(1999)
Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT CDSP LEU-478; MUTAGENESIS;

Functional and molecular studies in primary carnitine deficiency.
Frigeni M.; Balakrishnan B.; Yin X.; Calderon F.R.O.; Mao R.; Pasquali M.; Longo N.;
Hum. Mutat. 38:1684-1699(2017)
Cited for: VARIANTS CDSP 4-TYR--PHE-557 DEL; SER-12; TRP-15; LEU-16; LEU-17; PRO-19; HIS-20; PHE-22 DEL; ASN-26; ILE-28; SER-32; VAL-44; LEU-46; SER-46; TYR-50; PRO-66; PRO-75; LEU-83; TRP-93; VAL-95; ALA-96; GLY-115; 117-TRP--PHE-557 DEL; GLY-123; ASP-131; 132-TRP--PHE-557 DEL; 140-TRP--PHE-557 DEL; SER-142; LEU-143; MET-151; GLN-169; PRO-169; TRP-169; MET-175; VAL-177; LEU-179; PRO-186; ARG-205; SER-210; CYS-211; VAL-214; LYS-219; LEU-225; HIS-227; LEU-230; PHE-231; MET-232; THR-240; VAL-242; ARG-247; 254-ARG--PHE-557 DEL; GLN-254; 256-TRP--PHE-557 DEL; TRP-257; ARG-264; MET-264; PRO-269; 275-TRP--PHE-557 DEL; PHE-280; 282-ARG--PHE-557 DEL; GLN-282; ARG-283; CYS-283; 289-ARG--PHE-557 DEL; 295-VAL--PHE-557 DEL; ASP-301; VAL-312; LYS-317; 319-GLN--PHE-557 DEL; THR-348; ARG-351; LEU-355; ASN-358; PRO-363; 387-TYR--PHE-557 DEL; LEU-394 DEL; LEU-398; GLN-399; TRP-399; GLY-412; GLY-439; MET-440; ILE-442; VAL-443; PHE-446; CYS-447; LEU-448; ASP-449; LYS-452; ARG-455; VAL-462; CYS-467; ARG-468; PHE-470; HIS-471; PRO-471; ARG-476; LEU-478; CYS-488; HIS-488 AND SER-507; VARIANTS PHE-481 AND SER-549; CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS CDSP SER-12; TRP-15; LEU-16; LEU-17; PRO-19; HIS-20; PHE-23 DEL; ASN-26; ILE-28; SER-32; VAL-44; LEU-46; SER-46; TYR-50; PRO-66; PRO-75; LEU-83; TRP-93; VAL-95; ALA-96; GLY-115; GLY-123; ASP-131; SER-142; LEU-143; MET-151; GLN-169; PRO-169; TRP-169; MET-175; VAL-177; LEU-179; PRO-186; ARG-205; SER-210; CYS-211; VAL-214; LYS-219; LEU-225; HIS-227; LEU-230; PHE-231; MET-232; THR-240; VAL-242; ARG-247; GLN-254; TRP-257; ARG-264; MET-264; PRO-269; PHE-280; GLN-282; ARG-283; CYS-283; ASP-301; VAL-312; LYS-317; THR-348; ARG-351; LEU-355; ASN-358; PRO-363; LEU-394 DEL; LEU-398; GLN-399; TRP-399; GLY-412; GLY-439; MET-440; ILE-442; VAL-443; PHE-446; CYS-447; LEU-448; ASP-449; LYS-452; ARG-455; VAL-462; CYS-467; ARG-468; PHE-470; HIS-471; PRO-471; ARG-476; LEU-478; CYS-488; HIS-488 AND SER-507; CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS PHE-481 AND SER-549;

Disclaimer: Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. They are not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnostic, treatment or care.