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UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P68133: Variant p.His42Tyr

Actin, alpha skeletal muscle
Gene: ACTA1
Variant information

Variant position:  42
The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.

Type of variant:  Disease [Disclaimer]
The variants are classified into three categories: Disease, Polymorphism and Unclassified.
  • Disease: Variants implicated in disease according to literature reports.
  • Polymorphism: Variants not reported to be implicated in disease.
  • Unclassified: Variants with uncertain implication in disease according to literature reports. Evidence against or in favor of a pathogenic role is limited and/or conflicting.

Residue change:  From Histidine (H) to Tyrosine (Y) at position 42 (H42Y, p.His42Tyr).
Indicates the amino acid change of the variant. The one-letter and three-letter codes for amino acids used in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot are those adopted by the commission on Biochemical Nomenclature of the IUPAC-IUB.

Physico-chemical properties:  Change from medium size and polar (H) to large size and aromatic (Y)
The physico-chemical property of the reference and variant residues and the change implicated.

BLOSUM score:  2
The score within a Blosum matrix for the corresponding wild-type to variant amino acid change. The log-odds score measures the logarithm for the ratio of the likelihood of two amino acids appearing by chance. The Blosum62 substitution matrix is used. This substitution matrix contains scores for all possible exchanges of one amino acid with another:
  • Lowest score: -4 (low probability of substitution).
  • Highest score: 11 (high probability of substitution).
More information can be found on the following page

Involvement in disease:  Nemaline myopathy 3 (NEM3) [MIM:161800]: A form of nemaline myopathy. Nemaline myopathies are muscular disorders characterized by muscle weakness of varying severity and onset, and abnormal thread-like or rod-shaped structures in muscle fibers on histologic examination. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10508519, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11166164, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11333380, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15198992, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15236405, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15336687, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15520409, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16427282, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16945537, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17705262, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22442437, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23650303, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25938801}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
The name and a short description of the disease associated with the variant. For more information about the disease, the user can refer to OMIM, following the link provided after the disease acronym.

Variant description:  In NEM3; severe.
Any additional useful information about the variant.



Sequence information

Variant position:  42
The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.

Protein sequence length:  377
The length of the canonical sequence.

Location on the sequence:   GFAGDDAPRAVFPSIVGRPR  H QGVMVGMGQKDSYVGDEAQS
The residue change on the sequence. Unless the variant is located at the beginning or at the end of the protein sequence, both residues upstream (20) and downstream (20) of the variant will be shown.

Sequence annotation in neighborhood:  
The regions or sites of interest surrounding the variant. In general the features listed are posttranslational modifications, binding sites, enzyme active sites, local secondary structure or other characteristics reported in the cited references. The "Sequence annotation in neighborhood" lines have a fixed format:
  • Type: the type of sequence feature.
  • Positions: endpoints of the sequence feature.
  • Description: contains additional information about the feature.

TypePositionsDescription
Chain 2 – 377 Actin, alpha skeletal muscle, intermediate form
Chain 3 – 377 Actin, alpha skeletal muscle
Modified residue 46 – 46 Methionine (R)-sulfoxide
Modified residue 49 – 49 Methionine (R)-sulfoxide
Cross 52 – 52 Isoglutamyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Glu) (interchain with E-272); by Vibrio toxins RtxA and VgrG1


Literature citations

Mutations in the skeletal muscle alpha-actin gene in patients with actin myopathy and nemaline myopathy.
Nowak K.J.; Wattanasirichaigoon D.; Goebel H.H.; Wilce M.; Pelin K.; Donner K.; Jacob R.L.; Hubner C.; Oexle K.; Anderson J.R.; Verity C.M.; North K.N.;
Nat. Genet. 23:208-212(1999)
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]; VARIANTS NEM3 TYR-42; PRO-96; SER-117; VAL-134; ASP-184; CYS-185; HIS-258; VAL-261; LEU-265; LYS-282; GLY-288 AND PHE-372; VARIANTS MPCETM ARG-17 AND LEU-165;

Heterogeneity of nemaline myopathy cases with skeletal muscle alpha-actin gene mutations.
Agrawal P.B.; Strickland C.D.; Midgett C.; Morales A.; Newburger D.E.; Poulos M.A.; Tomczak K.K.; Ryan M.M.; Iannaccone S.T.; Crawford T.O.; Laing N.G.; Beggs A.H.;
Ann. Neurol. 56:86-96(2004)
Cited for: VARIANTS NEM3 LEU-37; LEU-40; TYR-42; ARG-43; ASN-66; LEU-75; ARG-75; LEU-77; ALA-79; LYS-85; ALA-136; ASP-148; GLY-181; ASP-184; GLY-185; SER-199; GLY-226; VAL-229; ILE-229; ARG-248; ASP-253; CYS-270; HIS-281; LYS-282; GLY-288 AND GLN-375;

Disclaimer: Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. They are not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnostic, treatment or care.