UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P49768: Variant p.Gly378Val

• Variant information
• Sequence information
• Literature citations
• All

Variant information

Variant position: 378 The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.
Type of variant: LP/P [Disclaimer: Variants classification is intended for research purposes only, not for clinical and diagnostic use. The label disease variant is assigned according to literature reports on probable disease-association that can be based on theoretical reasons. This label must not be considered as a definitive proof for the pathogenic role of a variant.] The variants are classified into three categories: LP/P, LB/B and US.

• LP/P: likely pathogenic or pathogenic.
• LB/B: likely benign or benign.
• US: uncertain significance

Residue change: From Glycine (G) to Valine (V) at position 378 (G378V, p.Gly378Val). Indicates the amino acid change of the variant. The one-letter and three-letter codes for amino acids used in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot are those adopted by the commission on Biochemical Nomenclature of the IUPAC-IUB.
Physico-chemical properties: Change from glycine (G) to medium size and hydrophobic (V) The physico-chemical property of the reference and variant residues and the change implicated.
BLOSUM score: -3 The score within a Blosum matrix for the corresponding wild-type to variant amino acid change. The log-odds score measures the logarithm for the ratio of the likelihood of two amino acids appearing by chance. The Blosum62 substitution matrix is used. This substitution matrix contains scores for all possible exchanges of one amino acid with another:

• Lowest score: -4 (low probability of substitution).
• Highest score: 11 (high probability of substitution).

More information can be found on the following page
Variant description: In AD3; abolishes protease activity with APP. Any additional useful information about the variant.
Other resources: Links to websites of interest for the variant.

• Variant rs63750323 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]

Sequence information

Variant position: 378 The position of the amino-acid change on the UniProtKB canonical protein sequence.
Protein sequence length: 467 The length of the canonical sequence.
Location on the sequence: RAAVQELSSSILAGEDPEER G VKLGLGDFIFYSVLVGKASA The residue change on the sequence. Unless the variant is located at the beginning or at the end of the protein sequence, both residues upstream (20) and downstream (20) of the variant will be shown.
Sequence annotation in neighborhood: The regions or sites of interest surrounding the variant. In general the features listed are posttranslational modifications, binding sites, enzyme active sites, local secondary structure or other characteristics reported in the cited references. The "Sequence annotation in neighborhood" lines have a fixed format:

• Type: the type of sequence feature.
• Positions: endpoints of the sequence feature.
• Description: contains additional information about the feature.

Type	Positions	Description
Chain	299 – 467	Presenilin-1 CTF subunit
Chain	346 – 467	Presenilin-1 CTF12
Topological domain	273 – 380	Cytoplasmic
Region	322 – 450	Required for interaction with CTNNB1
Region	372 – 399	Required for interaction with CTNND2
Region	377 – 381	Important for cleavage of target proteins
Active site	385 – 385
Modified residue	367 – 367	Phosphoserine
Alternative sequence	185 – 467	Missing. In isoform 4.
Alternative sequence	319 – 467	STERESQDTVAENDDGGFSEEWEAQRDSHLGPHRSTPESRAAVQELSSSILAGEDPEERGVKLGLGDFIFYSVLVGKASATASGDWNTTIACFVAILIGLCLTLLLLAIFKKALPALPISITFGLVFYFATDYLVQPFMDQLAFHQFYI -> RACLPPAAINLLSIAPMAPRLFMPKGACRPTAQKGSHKTLLQRMMMAGSVRNGKPRGTVI. In isoform 3 and isoform 5.
Mutagenesis	365 – 365	S -> A. Slightly increased protease activity with APP.
Mutagenesis	373 – 373	D -> N. No effect on caspase cleavage.
Mutagenesis	377 – 381	Missing. Loss of NOTCH1 and APP C83 cleavage.
Mutagenesis	377 – 377	R -> W. Nearly abolishes protease activity with APP.
Mutagenesis	385 – 385	D -> A. Loss of endoproteolytic cleavage. Severe decrease of protease activity with APP. Reduces production of amyloid-beta. Loss of NOTCH1 cleavage. Disassembly of the N-cadherin/PS1 complex at the cell surface. Impairs CDH2 processing.
Mutagenesis	385 – 385	D -> E. Abolishes gamma-secretase activity. Reduces production of amyloid-beta in APP processing. Accumulation of full-length PS1. Loss of binding of transition state analog gamma-secretase inhibitor.
Mutagenesis	385 – 385	D -> N. No effect on caspase cleavage.
Mutagenesis	386 – 386	F -> S. Nearly abolishes protease activity with APP. Increased amyloid-beta 42/amyloid-beta 40 ratio in vitro.
Mutagenesis	389 – 389	Y -> F. Alters gamma-secretase cleavage specificity. Increased production of amyloid-beta protein 42. No effect on enzymatic activity.
Mutagenesis	391 – 391	V -> F. Decreased protease activity with APP.
Beta strand	378 – 382

Literature citations

Early onset familial Alzheimer's disease: Mutation frequency in 31 families.
Janssen J.C.; Beck J.A.; Campbell T.A.; Dickinson A.; Fox N.C.; Harvey R.J.; Houlden H.; Rossor M.N.; Collinge J.;
Neurology 60:235-239(2003)
Cited for: VARIANTS AD3 CYS-115; ILE-146; VAL-153; CYS-154; ILE-168 DEL; PRO-171; ASP-184; PHE-229; VAL-235; LEU-237; VAL-260; PHE-263; HIS-269; MET-377 AND VAL-378; VARIANT GLY-318; The presenilin 1 p.Gly206Ala mutation is a frequent cause of early-onset Alzheimer's disease in Hispanics in Florida.
Ravenscroft T.A.; Pottier C.; Murray M.E.; Baker M.; Christopher E.; Levitch D.; Brown P.H.; Barker W.; Duara R.; Greig-Custo M.; Betancourt A.; English M.; Sun X.; Ertekin-Taner N.; Graff-Radford N.R.; Dickson D.W.; Rademakers R.;
Am. J. Neurodegener. Dis. 5:94-101(2016)
Cited for: VARIANTS AD3 ALA-206 AND VAL-378; Analysis of 138 pathogenic mutations in presenilin-1 on the in vitro production of Abeta42 and Abeta40 peptides by gamma-secretase.
Sun L.; Zhou R.; Yang G.; Shi Y.;
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 114:E476-E485(2017)
Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS AD3 GLN-35; VAL-79; LEU-82; PRO-85; LEU-89; SER-92; MET-94; PHE-96; LEU-97; HIS-115; ASN-116; ASP-120; LYS-120; ARG-134; ASP-135; VAL-139; THR-143; LEU-146; ILE-147; VAL-153; ASN-154; ARG-163; TYR-163; PRO-166; PRO-169; PHE-170; PRO-171; TRP-173; MET-174; LEU-177; PRO-178; VAL-183; ASP-184; ALA-206; SER-206; ARG-209; VAL-209; LEU-213; ARG-217; ARG-222; PHE-229; THR-231; LEU-233; THR-233; ARG-235; PRO-235; VAL-235; ILE-237; GLU-246; SER-250; VAL-260; PHE-261; PHE-262; ARG-263; LEU-264; SER-266; SER-267; GLY-269; VAL-271; ARG-274; VAL-275; ALA-280; GLY-280; ARG-282; VAL-285; VAL-286; ILE-354; GLN-358; GLU-378; VAL-378; VAL-381; ALA-384; ILE-390; VAL-392; VAL-394; THR-396; SER-405; THR-409; TYR-410; PHE-418; PRO-426; GLU-431; PHE-435; SER-436 AND VAL-439; CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT CMD1U GLY-333; MUTAGENESIS OF THR-99; PHE-105; ARG-108; LEU-113; PRO-117; GLU-123; HIS-131; ALA-136; ILE-143; LEU-150; TRP-165; ILE-168; PHE-176; GLU-184; ILE-202; SER-212; HIS-214; LEU-219; GLN-223; LEU-226; SER-230; ILE-238; LYS-239; THR-245; LEU-248; TYR-256; VAL-272; GLU-273; ARG-278; PRO-284; THR-291; ARG-352; SER-365; ARG-377; PHE-386; VAL-391; VAL-412; LEU-420; LEU-424; ALA-434 AND ILE-437;